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authorJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-26 16:38:00 -0400
committerJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-26 16:38:00 -0400
commit97d5c458cfa039d857301e1ca7d5af3beb37131d (patch)
treeb460cd850d0537eb71806ba30358840377b27688 /static/v10/man6/sail.6
parentb89dc2331a50c63f8b33272a5c4c61ab98abdaa3 (diff)
build: Better Build System
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-.. @(#)sail.m 1.1 83/03/17
-.TH SAIL 6
-.UC 4
-.SH NAME
-sail \- multi-user wooden ships and iron men
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B sail
-[
-.B \-x
-] [
-.B num
-]
-.br
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.I Sail
-is a computer version of Avalon Hill's game of fighting sail
-originally developed by S. Craig Taylor.
-.SH NOTES
-.I Sail
-is really two programs in one. Each player keeps track of his
-own ship plus a
-.I DRIVER
-program is execl'd (by the first player) to keep track of the
-computer's ships.
-.PP
-The player is given the first available ship in a scenario and the
-computer takes the rest. Obviously the more ships in your game, the
-longer the
-.I DRIVER
-will take to move them. If additional players join the game, they
-will be given ships and the
-.I DRIVER
-will have less work to do.
-.SH HISTORICAL INFO
-Old Square Rigger's were very maneuverable ships capable of intricate
-sailing. Their one main disadvantage was being unable to sail very
-close to the wind. The design of wooden ship allowed only for the
-guns to bear to the left and right sides. A few guns of small
-aspect (usually 6 or 9 pounders) could point forward, but their
-effect would be small compared to a 68 gun broadside of 24 pounders.
-The guns bear approximately like so:
-.nf
-
- \\
- b----------------
- ---0
- \\
- \\
- \\ up to a range of ten (for round shot)
- \\
- \\
- \\
-
-.fi
-.bp
-An interesting phenomenon occurred when a broadside could fire
-down the length of an enemy ship. The shot tended to bounce along
-the deck and did several times more damage. This phenomenon was called
-a rake. It happened that a stern rake (firing from the stern to the
-bow) occasioned more damage than a bow rake, so that was the most
-desirable.
-.nf
-
- \\
- b----------------
- ---0
- \\
- \\ 0a --- Stern rake!
- \\
- \\
- \\
- \\
- \\
-
-.fi
-Most ships were equipped with Carronades which were very large, close
-range cannons. The carronades have a range of two in this game and can
-considerably add to your fire-power when they come to bear.
-If the distance to the target ship is greater than 6, the guns
-can only fire at the rigging.
-A ship's guns could fire a variety of ammunition. For example:
-.SH ROUND
-Range of 10. Good for hull or rigging hits.
-.SH DOUBLE
-Range of 1. Extra good for hull or rigging hits.
-Double takes two turns to load.
-.SH CHAIN
-Range of 3. Excellent for tearing down rigging.
-Cannot damage hull or guns, though.
-.SH GRAPE
-Range of 1. Devastating against enemy crews.
-.PP
-When a ship has been battered into a hulk (zero hull), it has no
-choice but to surrender to the firing ship. This ceremony is called
-\'striking your colours.\' A struck ship has a chance of exploding or
-sinking after a while. When a ship surrenders, its point value is
-given to the aggressor. When a ship is captured, twice the point
-value is awarded the victor.
-.PP
-Normally, ships sailed into battle with greatly shortened sail to
-avoid excessive damage to the precious rigging. However, in this game
-the player can increase to full sails and move much faster if he wishes.
-But, all rigging hits incurred with full sails set are doubled.
-The direction rose displayed on the sample screen gives the maximum
-speeds possible for a specific ship at all attitudes to the wind.
-The full sail speeds are in parenthesis.
-.PP
-Repairs can be made at the slow rate of two (hull, gun, or rigging)
-hits restored per three turns.
-.PP
-Ships of class 3 or greater drift when there is wind at the rate of
-one \'square\' per turn. Ships of the Line drift one \'square\'
-every other turn.
-.SH INSTRUCTIONS
-.I Sail
-follows the Avalon Hill advanced rules very closely using the
-optional rules for 'exploding ships', 'full sails', and some others.
-A few unique commands have been added which seemed to be helpful on
-the reduced screen. 'i' is such a command.
-.PP
-Boarding had to go through a major revision. To prevent immediate
-capture of an unprepared crew (fouling is often not reported until
-after boarding has commenced) the boarded ship automatically fights
-defensively (at a small disadvantage) if no DBP's have been prepared.
-.PP
-The Order of Play has been eliminated for the player, but the
-.I DRIVER
-still abides by it.
-.PP
-The commands for the player were designed to be as intelligent as
-possible to save typing. Some of the nuances I developed should be
-explained.
-.nf
-
- ~ Your prompt
-
-The others I will illustrate with examples.
-
- move(3, 2): r1l /* 3 movements max, of which two
- may be 45' turns. */
-
- move(3,'2): 1r1 /* 3 movements max of which two may
- be 45' turns, but the ship must
- move ahead before turning (there
- is a loss of headway after
- drifting) */
-
- move(0,'0): r /* You can always make one turn
- even when you can't move straight
- ahead. */
-
-.fi
-If you are grappled, fouled, or out of crew, you cannot move of course.
-.bp
-.SH COMMANDS
-.nf
-
- 'f' Fire broadsides if they bear
- 'l' Reload
- 'm' Move (see above & below)
- 'i' Ask lookout for closest ship
- 'I' Ask lookout for closest enemy ship
- 's' Send a message around the fleet
- 'b' Attempt to board an enemy ship
- 'L' Unload broadsides (to change ammo)
- 'B' Recall boarding parties
- 'c' Change set of sail
- 'r' Repair
- 'u' Attempt to unfoul
- 'g' Grapple/ungrapple
- '^L' Redraw screen
- 'q' Quit
-
-.fi
-.bg
-.SH SCENARIOS
-.br
-.SH Ranger vs. Drake:
-.nf
-Wind from the N, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) Ranger 19 gun Sloop (crack crew) (7 pts)
-(b) Drake 17 gun Sloop (crack crew) (6 pts)
-.SH The Battle of Flamborough Head:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-.fi
-This is John Paul Jones' first famous battle. Aboard the Bonhomme
-Richard, he was able to overcome the Serapis's greater firepower
-by quickly boarding her.
-.nf
-
-(a) Bonhomme Rich 42 gun Corvette (crack crew) (11 pts)
-(b) Serapis 44 gun Frigate (crack crew) (12 pts)
-.SH Arbuthnot and Des Touches:
-.nf
-Wind from the N, blowing a gale.
-
-(b) America 64 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (20 pts)
-(b) Befford 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (26 pts)
-(b) Adamant 50 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (17 pts)
-(b) London 98 gun 3 Decker SOL (crack crew) (28 pts)
-(b) Royal Oak 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (26 pts)
-(f) Neptune 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Duc Bougogne 80 gun 3 Decker SOL (average crew) (27 pts)
-(f) Conquerant 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Provence 64 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (18 pts)
-(f) Romulus 44 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (10 pts)
-.SH Suffren and Hughes:
-.nf
-
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(b) Monmouth 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-(b) Hero 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (26 pts)
-(b) Isis 50 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (17 pts)
-(b) Superb 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (27 pts)
-(b) Burford 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Flamband 50 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (14 pts)
-(f) Annibal 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Severe 64 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (18 pts)
-(f) Brilliant 80 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (31 pts)
-(f) Sphinx 80 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (27 pts)
-.SH Nymphe vs. Cleopatre:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(b) Nymphe 36 gun Frigate (crack crew) (11 pts)
-(f) Cleopatre 36 gun Frigate (average crew) (10 pts)
-.SH Mars vs. Hercule:
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-.nf
-(b) Mars 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (26 pts)
-(f) Hercule 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (23 pts)
-.SH Ambuscade vs. Baionnaise:
-.nf
-Wind from the N, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(b) Ambuscade 32 gun Frigate (average crew) (9 pts)
-(f) Baionnaise 24 gun Corvette (average crew) (9 pts)
-.SH Constellation vs. Insurgent:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a gale.
-
-(a) Constellation 38 gun Corvette (elite crew) (17 pts)
-(f) Insurgent 36 gun Corvette (average crew) (11 pts)
-.SH Constellation vs. Vengeance:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) Constellation 38 gun Corvette (elite crew) (17 pts)
-(f) Vengeance 40 gun Frigate (average crew) (15 pts)
-.SH The Battle of Lissa:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(b) Amphion 32 gun Frigate (elite crew) (13 pts)
-(b) Active 38 gun Frigate (elite crew) (18 pts)
-(b) Volage 22 gun Frigate (elite crew) (11 pts)
-(b) Cerberus 32 gun Frigate (elite crew) (13 pts)
-(f) Favorite 40 gun Frigate (average crew) (15 pts)
-(f) Flore 40 gun Frigate (average crew) (15 pts)
-(f) Danae 40 gun Frigate (crack crew) (17 pts)
-(f) Bellona 32 gun Frigate (green crew) (9 pts)
-(f) Corona 40 gun Frigate (green crew) (12 pts)
-(f) Carolina 32 gun Frigate (green crew) (7 pts)
-.SH Constitution vs. Guerriere:
-.nf
-Wind from the SW, blowing a gale.
-
-(a) Constitution 44 gun Corvette (elite crew) (24 pts)
-(b) Guerriere 38 gun Frigate (crack crew) (15 pts)
-.SH United States vs. Macedonian:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) United States 44 gun Frigate (elite crew) (24 pts)
-(b) Macedonian 38 gun Frigate (crack crew) (16 pts)
-.SH Constitution vs. Java:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) Constitution 44 gun Corvette (elite crew) (24 pts)
-(b) Java 38 gun Corvette (crack crew) (19 pts)
-.SH Chesapeake vs. Shannon:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) Chesapeake 38 gun Frigate (average crew) (14 pts)
-(b) Shannon 38 gun Frigate (elite crew) (17 pts)
-.SH The Battle of Lake Erie:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a light breeze.
-
-(a) Lawrence 20 gun Sloop (crack crew) (9 pts)
-(a) Niagara 20 gun Sloop (elite crew) (12 pts)
-(b) Lady Prevost 13 gun Brig (crack crew) (5 pts)
-(b) Detroit 19 gun Sloop (crack crew) (7 pts)
-(b) Q. Charlotte 17 gun Sloop (crack crew) (6 pts)
-.SH Wasp vs. Reindeer:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a light breeze.
-
-(a) Wasp 20 gun Sloop (elite crew) (12 pts)
-(b) Reindeer 18 gun Sloop (elite crew) (9 pts)
-.SH Constitution vs. Cyane and Levant:
-.br
-Wind from the S, blowing a moderate breeze.
-
-(a) Constitution 44 gun Corvette (elite crew) (24 pts)
-(b) Cyane 24 gun Sloop (crack crew) (11 pts)
-(b) Levant 20 gun Sloop (crack crew) (10 pts)
-.br
-.SH Pellew vs. Droits de L'Homme:
-.nf
-Wind from the N, blowing a gale.
-
-(b) Indefatigable 44 gun Frigate (elite crew) (14 pts)
-(b) Amazon 36 gun Frigate (crack crew) (14 pts)
-(f) Droits L'Hom 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-.SH Algeciras:
-.nf
-Wind from the SW, blowing a moderate breeze.
-
-(b) Caesar 80 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (31 pts)
-(b) Pompee 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (27 pts)
-(b) Spencer 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (26 pts)
-(b) Hannibal 98 gun 3 Decker SOL (crack crew) (28 pts)
-(s) Real-Carlos 112 gun 3 Decker SOL (green crew) (27 pts)
-(s) San Fernando 96 gun 3 Decker SOL (green crew) (24 pts)
-(s) Argonauta 80 gun Ship of the Line (green crew) (23 pts)
-(s) San Augustine 74 gun Ship of the Line (green crew) (20 pts)
-(f) Indomptable 80 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (27 pts)
-(f) Desaix 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-.SH Lake Champlain:
-.nf
-Wind from the N, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) Saratoga 26 gun Sloop (crack crew) (12 pts)
-(a) Eagle 20 gun Sloop (crack crew) (11 pts)
-(a) Ticonderoga 17 gun Sloop (crack crew) (9 pts)
-(a) Preble 7 gun Brig (crack crew) (4 pts)
-(b) Confiance 37 gun Frigate (crack crew) (14 pts)
-(b) Linnet 16 gun Sloop (elite crew) (10 pts)
-(b) Chubb 11 gun Brig (crack crew) (5 pts)
-.SH Last Voyage of the USS President:
-.nf
-Wind from the N, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) President 44 gun Frigate (elite crew) (24 pts)
-(b) Endymion 40 gun Frigate (crack crew) (17 pts)
-(b) Pomone 44 gun Frigate (crack crew) (20 pts)
-(b) Tenedos 38 gun Frigate (crack crew) (15 pts)
-.SH Hornblower and the Natividad:
-.nf
-Wind from the E, blowing a gale.
-
-.fi
-A scenario for you Horny fans. Remember, he sank the Natividad
-against heavy odds and winds. Hint: don't try to board the Natividad,
-her crew is much bigger, albeit green.
-.nf
-
-(b) Lydia 36 gun Frigate (elite crew) (13 pts)
-(s) Natividad 50 gun Ship of the Line (green crew) (14 pts)
-.SH Curse of the Flying Dutchman:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-Just for fun, take the Piece of cake.
-
-(s) Piece of Cake 24 gun Corvette (average crew) (9 pts)
-(f) Flying Dutchy 120 gun 3 Decker SOL (elite crew) (43 pts)
-.SH The South Pacific:
-.nf
-Wind from the S, blowing a strong breeze.
-
-(a) USS Scurvy 136 gun 3 Decker SOL (mutinous crew) (27 pts)
-(b) HMS Tahiti 120 gun 3 Decker SOL (elite crew) (43 pts)
-(s) Australian 32 gun Frigate (average crew) (9 pts)
-(f) Bikini Atoll 7 gun Brig (crack crew) (4 pts)
-.SH Hornblower and the battle of Rosas bay:
-.nf
-Wind from the E, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-The only battle Hornblower ever lost. He was able to dismast one
-ship and stern rake the anothers though. See if you can do as well.
-.nf
-
-(b) Sutherland 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (26 pts)
-(f) Turenne 80 gun 3 Decker SOL (average crew) (27 pts)
-(f) Nightmare 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Paris 112 gun 3 Decker SOL (green crew) (27 pts)
-(f) Napolean 74 gun Ship of the Line (green crew) (20 pts)
-.SH Cape Horn:
-.nf
-Wind from the NE, blowing a strong breeze.
-
-(a) Concord 80 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (27 pts)
-(a) Berkeley 98 gun 3 Decker SOL (crack crew) (28 pts)
-(b) Thames 120 gun 3 Decker SOL (elite crew) (43 pts)
-(s) Madrid 112 gun 3 Decker SOL (green crew) (27 pts)
-(f) Musket 80 gun 3 Decker SOL (average crew) (27 pts)
-.SH New Orleans:
-.nf
-Wind from the SE, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-Watch that little Cypress go!
-
-(a) Alligator 120 gun 3 Decker SOL (elite crew) (43 pts)
-(b) Firefly 74 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (27 pts)
-(b) Cypress 44 gun Frigate (elite crew) (14 pts)
-.SH Botany Bay:
-.nf
-Wind from the N, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(b) Shark 64 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (18 pts)
-(f) Coral Snake 44 gun Corvette (elite crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Sea Lion 44 gun Frigate (elite crew) (24 pts)
-.SH Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea:
-.nf
-Wind from the NW, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-This one is dedicated to David Hedison.
-
-(a) Seaview 120 gun 3 Decker SOL (elite crew) (43 pts)
-(a) Flying Sub 40 gun Frigate (crack crew) (17 pts)
-(b) Mermaid 136 gun 3 Decker SOL (mutinous crew) (27 pts)
-(s) Giant Squid 112 gun 3 Decker SOL (green crew) (27 pts)
-.SH Frigate Action:
-.nf
-Wind from the E, blowing a fresh breeze.
-
-(a) Killdeer 40 gun Frigate (average crew) (15 pts)
-(b) Sandpiper 40 gun Frigate (average crew) (15 pts)
-(s) Curlew 38 gun Frigate (crack crew) (16 pts)
-.SH The Battle of Midway:
-.nf
-Wind from the E, blowing a moderate breeze.
-
-(a) Enterprise 80 gun Ship of the Line (crack crew) (31 pts)
-(a) Yorktown 80 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (27 pts)
-(a) Hornet 74 gun Ship of the Line (average crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Akagi 112 gun 3 Decker SOL (green crew) (27 pts)
-(f) Kaga 96 gun 3 Decker SOL (green crew) (24 pts)
-(f) Soryu 80 gun Ship of the Line (green crew) (23 pts)
-.SH EXAMPLE OF MOVE:
-.nf
-
- / Max distance (including turns)
- / Max number of 45 degree turns (one at a time only)
- / /
-Move(3, 2): r1l /* move right, ahead, left
- *
- * 0 START
- * b
- *--------------------------
- *
- * b0 RIGHT
- *--------------------------
- *
- * b0 ONE
- *--------------------------
- * 0
- * b LEFT
- *--------------------------
-
-.fi
-.SH SAMPLE GAME:
-.nf
-
-% sail
-Choose a scenario:
-
-
-NUMBER SHIPS IN PLAY TITLE
-0): 2 no Ranger vs. Drake
-1): 2 no The Battle of Flamborough Head
-2): 10 no Arbuthnot and Des Touches
-3): 10 no Suffren and Hughes
-4): 2 no Nymphe vs. Cleopatre
-5): 2 no Mars vs. Hercule
-6): 2 no Ambuscade vs. Baionnaise
-7): 2 no Constellation vs. Insurgent
-8): 2 no Constellation vs. Vengeance
-9): 10 no The Battle of Lissa
-10): 2 no Constitution vs. Guerriere
-11): 2 no United States vs. Macedonian
-12): 2 no Constitution vs. Java
-13): 2 no Chesapeake vs. Shannon
-14): 5 no The Battle of Lake Erie
-15): 2 no Wasp vs. Reindeer
-16): 3 no Constitution vs. Cyane and Levant
-17): 3 no Pellew vs. Droits de L'Homme
-18): 10 no Algeciras
-19): 7 no Lake Champlain
-20): 4 no Last Voyage of the USS President
-21): 2 no Hornblower and the Natividad
-22): 2 no Curse of the Flying Dutchman
-23): 4 no The South Pacific
-24): 5 no Hornblower and the battle of Rosas bay
-25): 5 no Cape Horn
-26): 3 no New Orleans
-27): 3 no Botany Bay
-28): 4 no Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea
-29): 3 no Frigate Action
-30): 6 no The Battle of Midway
-
-Scenario number? 21
-Your ship is the Lydia, a 36 gun Frigate (elite crew).
-Your name, Captain? Dave #1
-
-Initial broadside left (grape, chain, round, double): d
-
-Initial broadside right (grape, chain, round, double): r
-
-Class 3 (36 guns) Frigate 'Lydia' (b0) Points: 0 Fouls: 0 Grapples: 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-| |
-| |
-| ~0 -- a sinking ship |
-| 0 |
-| b #1 -- an exploding ship |
-| ^ |
-| bow of Lydia |----------------------|
-| | wind speed -5+|
-| | and direction |
-| | (blowing from right) |
-| ! -- a struck ship S0 |----------------------|
-| 1 \\ |
-| stern of Natividad |
-| Natividad has full sails set. |
-| |
-------------------------------------Turn 0--------------------------------------
-Aye aye, Sir load: port and starboard - Load D! R! 0 1(1)
-~ Hull 9 \|/
- crew: 3 sections --------- Crew 4 4 2 -^-1(1)
- guns: port and starboard - Guns 4 4 /|\
- carronades: port and starboard --- Carr 2 2 | 3(5)
- rigging 4 masts ---------- Rigg 5 5 5 5 2(4)
-.fi
-.SH "Ken Arnold Code"
-curses library (pu!)
-.SH Author
-Dave Riggle
-.SH "Bug-author"
-Ed Wang (pronounced Wong)
-.SH Refitting
-Craig Leres
-.SH Consultants
-.nf
-Chris Guthrie
-Captain Happy
-Nancy Reagan
-.fi
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-midway(PUBLIC)
-.SH BUGS