1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
|
.\" $NetBSD: acct.5,v 1.12 2024/08/05 13:04:14 christos Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" @(#)acct.5 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
.\"
.Dd August 5, 2024
.Dt ACCT 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm acct
.Nd execution accounting file
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/acct.h
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The kernel maintains the following
.Fa acct
information structure for all
processes. If a process terminates, and accounting is enabled,
the kernel calls the
.Xr acct_process 9
function call to prepare and append the record
to the accounting file.
.Bd -literal
/*
* Accounting structures; these use a comp_t type which is a 3 bits base 8
* exponent, 13 bit fraction ``floating point'' number. Units are 1/AHZ
* seconds.
*/
typedef uint16_t comp_t;
struct acct {
char ac_comm[16]; /* name of command */
comp_t ac_utime; /* user time */
comp_t ac_stime; /* system time */
comp_t ac_etime; /* elapsed time */
time_t ac_btime; /* starting time */
uid_t ac_uid; /* user id */
gid_t ac_gid; /* group id */
uint16_t ac_mem; /* memory usage average */
comp_t ac_io; /* count of IO blocks */
dev_t ac_tty; /* controlling tty */
#define AFORK 0x01 /* fork'd but not exec'd */
#define ASU 0x02 /* used super-user permissions */
#define ACOMPAT 0x04 /* used compatibility mode */
#define ACORE 0x08 /* dumped core */
#define AXSIG 0x10 /* killed by a signal */
uint8_t ac_flag; /* accounting flags */
};
/*
* 1/AHZ is the granularity of the data encoded in the comp_t fields.
* This is not necessarily equal to hz.
*/
#define AHZ 64
#ifdef _KERNEL
void acct_init(void);
int acct_process(struct lwp *);
endif
.Ed
.Pp
If a terminated process was created by an
.Xr execve 2 ,
the name of the executed file (at most ten characters of it)
is saved in the field
.Fa ac_comm
and its status is saved by setting one of more of the following flags in
.Fa ac_flag :
.Dv AFORK ,
.Dv ACORE ,
and
.Dv AXSIG .
.Pp
The
.Dv ASU
flag is not recorded anymore because with the switch to
.Xr kauth 9 ,
the superuser model is optional and passing the affected process to every
authorization call in order to record
.Dv ASU
in
.Fa p_acflag ,
would require many source changes and would not reflect reality because
the authorization decision might not have been done based on the
.Xr secmodel_suser 9
model.
.Pp
The
.Dv ACOMPAT
flag was never recorded in
.Nx ;
we could consider setting when the a process is running under emulation,
but this is not currently done.
.Pp
Both the
.Dv ASU
and the
.Dv ACOMPAT
flags are retained for source compatibility.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr lastcomm 1 ,
.Xr acct 2 ,
.Xr execve 2 ,
.Xr accton 8 ,
.Xr sa 8 ,
.Xr acct_process 9
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm
file format appeared in
.At v7 .
|
