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diff --git a/static/unix-v10/man1/pax.1 b/static/unix-v10/man1/pax.1 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..606de37b --- /dev/null +++ b/static/unix-v10/man1/pax.1 @@ -0,0 +1,657 @@ +.\" +.\" G. S. Fowler +.\" AT&T Bell Laboratories +.\" +.\" @(#)pax.1 (ulysses!gsf) 01/11/90 +.\" +.TH PAX 1 +.SH NAME +pax \- portable archive interchange +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B pax +[ +.B \-rmnov +] [ +.B \-f +.I archive +] [ +.B \-s +.RI / old / new /[gp] +] [ +.I "pattern ..." +] +.LP +.B pax +.B \-w +[ +.B mv +] [ +.B \-b +.I blocking +] [ +.B \-f +.I archive +] [ +.B \-s +.RI / old / new /[gp] +] [ +.B \-x +.I format +] [ +.I "pathname ..." +] +.LP +.B pax +.B \-rw +[ +.B mov +] [ +.B \-s +.RI / old / new /[gp] +] [ +.I "pathname ..." +] +.I directory +.SH DESCRIPTION +.I pax +reads and writes archive files in various formats. +There are four operation modes controlled by combinations of the +.B \-r +and +.B \-w +options. +.PP +.B "pax \-w" +writes the files and directories named by the +.I pathname +arguments to the standard output together with +pathname and status information. +A directory +.I pathname +argument refers to the files and (recursively) subdirectories +of that directory. +If no +.I pathname +arguments are given then the standard input is read to get +a list of pathnames to copy, one pathname per line. +In this case only those pathnames appearing on the standard input are copied. +.PP +.B "pax \-r" +reads files from the standard input that is assumed +to be the result of a previous +.B "pax \-w" +command. +Only files with names that match any of the +.I pattern +arguments are selected. +A +.I pattern +is given in the name-generating notation of +.IR sh (1), +except that the +.B / +character is also matched. +The default if no +.I pattern +is given is +.BR * , +which selects all files. +The selected files are conditionally created and copied relative +to the current directory tree, subject to the options described below. +By default the owner and group of selected files will be that of the +current user, and the permissions and modify times will be the same +as those in the archive. +If the +.B \-r +option is omitted then a table of contents of the selected files is +listed on the standard output. +.PP +.B "pax \-rw" +reads the files and directories named in the +.I pathname +arguments and copies them to the destination +.IR directory . +A directory +.I pathname +argument refers to the files and (recursively) subdirectories +of that directory. +If no +.I pathname +arguments are given then the standard input is read to get +a list of pathnames to copy, one pathname per line. +In this case only those pathnames appearing on the standard input are copied. +.I directory +must exist before the copy. +.PP +The standard archive formats are automatically detected on input. +The default output archive format is implementation defined, +but may be overridden by the +.B \-x +option described below. +.I pax +archives may be concatenated to combine multiple volumes on a single +tape or file. +This is accomplished by forcing any format prescribed pad data to be null bytes. +Hard links are not maintained between volumes, and +delta and base archives cannot be multi-volume. +.PP +A single archive may span many files/devices. +The second and subsequent file names are prompted for on the terminal input. +The response may be: +.TP +.BI ! command +Execute +.I command +via +.IR system (3) +and prompt again for file name. +.TP +.B EOF +Exit without further processing. +.TP +.B CR +An empty input line retains the previous file name. +.TP +.I pathname +The file name for the next archive part. +.SS "Basic Options" +These options support basic archive operations. +.TP +.BI b " blocking" +Set the output blocking size. +If no suffix (or a +.B c +suffix) is specified then +.I blocking +is in 1 character units. +A +.B b +suffix multiplies +.I blocking +by 512 (1 block), a +.B k +suffix multiplies +.I blocking +by 1024 (1 kilobyte) and an +.B m +suffix multiplies +.I blocking +by 1048576 (1 megabyte). +.I blocking +is automatically determined on input and is ignored for +.BR \-rw . +The default +.I blocking +is +.B 10k +for block and character special archive files and +implementation defined otherwise. +The minimum +.I blocking +is +.BR 1c . +.TP +.BI f " archive" +.I archive +is the pathname of the input or output archive, overriding the default +standard input for +.B \-r +and +.B \-rw +or standard output for +.BR \-w . +.TP +.B m +File modification times are not retained. +.TP +.B n +For +.B \-r +the pattern arguments are treated as ordinary file names. +Only the first occurrence of each of these files in the +input archive is read. +.I pax +exits with zero exit status after all files in the list have been read. +If one or more files in the list is not found, +.I pax +writes a message to standard error for each of these files +and exits with a non-zero exit status. +The file names are compared before any of the +.B \-i, +.B \-s, +or +.B \-y +options are applied. +.TP +.B o +Restore file ownership as specified in the archive. +The current user must have appropriate privileges. +.TP +\fBs\fP /\fIold\fP/\fInew\fP/[\fIglpu\fP] +File names and symbolic link text are mapped according +to the +.IR ed (1) +style substitution expression. +Any non-null character may be used as a delimiter +.RB ( / +shown here). +Multiple +.B \-s +expressions may be specified; the expressions are applied from left to right, +terminating with the first successful substitution. +A trailing +.B l +converts the matched string to lower case. +A trailing +.B p +causes successful mappings to be listed on the standard error. +A trailing +.B u +converts the matched string to upper case. +File names that substitute to the null string are ignored on +both input and output. +The +.B \-P +option inhibits symbolic link text substitution. +.TP +.B v +Produces a verbose table of contents listing on the standard output when both +.B \-r +and +.B \-w +are omitted. +Otherwise the file names are listed on the standard error +as they are encountered. +.TP +.BI x " format" +Specifies the output archive +.IR format . +If specified with +.B \-rw +then the standard input is treated as an archive that is converted to a +.I format +archive on the standard output. +The input format, which must be one of the following, +is automatically determined. +The default output format, named by +.BR \- , +is +.BR cpio . +The formats are: +.RS +.PD 0 +.TP +.B asc +The +.B s5r4 +extended +.IR cpio (5) +character format. +.TP +.B ansi +ANSI standard label tape format. +Only regular files with simple pathnames are archived. +Valid only for blocked devices. +.TP +.B asc +The +.B s5r4 +extended +.IR cpio (5) +character format. +.TP +.B aschk +The +.B s5r4 +extended +.IR cpio (5) +character format with header checksum. +This format is misnamed +.B crc +in the +.B s5r4 +documentation. +.TP +.B binary +The +.IR cpio (5) +binary format with symbolic links. +This format is obsolete and should not be used on output. +.TP +.B cpio +The +.IR cpio (5) +character format with symbolic links. +This is the default output format. +.TP +.B ibmar +EBCDIC standard label tape format. +Only regular files with simple pathnames are archived. +Valid only for tape devices. +.TP +.B posix +The IEEE 1003.1b-1990 interchange format, partially compatible with +the X3.27 standard labeled tape format. +.TP +.B portarch +The svr2 portable object library format. +Valid only on input. +.TP +.B randarch +The BSD ranlib object library format. +Valid only on input. +.TP +.B tar +The +.IR tar (5) +format with symbolic links. +.TP +.B ustar +The POSIX IEEE Std 1003.1-1988 tar format. +.TP +.B vmsbackup +ANSI standard label VMS backup savset tape format. +Valid only for input tape devices. +.PD +.RE +.SS "Compatibility Options" +These options provide functional compatibility with the old +.IR cpio (1) +and +.IR tar (1) +commands. +.TP +.B a +For +.B \-w +append files to the end of the archive. +.TP +.B c +Complement the match sense of the +.I pattern +arguments. +.TP +.B d +Intermediate directories not explicitly listed in the archive +are not created. +.TP +.B i +Interactively +.I rename +files. +A file is skipped if a null line is entered and +.I pax +exits if +.B EOF +is encountered. +.TP +.B l +For +.BR \-rw , +files are linked rather than copied when possible. +.TP +.B p +Preserve the access times of input files after they have been copied. +.TP +.BI t " device" +.I device +is an identifier that names the input or output archive device, +overriding the default standard input for +.B \-r +or standard output for +.BR \-w . +Tape devices may be specified as +.IR drive [ density\|rewind ] +where +.I drive +is a drive number in the range [0\-7], +.I density +is one of +.BR l , +.B m +and +.B h +for +.B low +(800 bpi), +.B medium +(1600 bpi \- default) +and +.B high +(6250 bpi) +tape densities and +.I rewind +is +.B n +to inhibit rewinding of the tape device when it is closed. +Other forms for +.I device +are implementation defined. +.TP +.B u +Copy each file only if it is newer than a pre-existing file with the same name. +This option implies +.BR \-a . +.TP +.B y +Interactively prompt for the disposition of each file. +.B EOF +or an input line starting with +.B q +causes +.I pax +to exit. +Otherwise an input line starting with anything other than +.B y +causes the file to be ignored. +.SS "Extended Options" +These options provide fine archive control, including delta archive operations. +.TP +.BI e " filter" +Run the +.I filter +command on each file to be output. +The current name of the file to be output is appended to the filter command +string before the command is executed by the shell. +.TP +.B h +Inhibit archive heading and summmary information messages to stderr. +.TP +.B k +For +.B \-r +continue processing the archive after encountering an error by attempting +to locate the next valid entry. +This is useful for archives stored on unreliable media. +.TP +.BI z " base" +Specifies the delta base archive +.I base +that is assumed to be the result of a previous +.B "pax \-w" +command. +For +.B \-w +the input files are compared with the files in +.I base +and file delta information is placed in the output archive +using the delta algorithm. +For +.B \-r +the delta information in the input archive is used to update the +output files with respect to the files in +.IR base . +For +.B \-rw +the delta information in the archive on the standard input is used +to generate an archive on the standard output whose entries are updated +with respect to the files in +.IR base . +If +.I base +is +.B \- +or an empty file then the input files are simply compressed. +.B "\-z -" +must also be specified to produce a compressed archive for +.BR \-rw . +.TP +.BI B " count" +Sets the maximum archive part output character count. +.I pax +prompts for the next archive part file name. +Valid only with +.BR \-w . +.TP +.B C +Archive entries smaller than +.BI \-B " maxblocks" +must be contained within a single part. +Valid only with +.BR \-B . +.TP +.B L +Copy a logical view of the input files. +Symbolic links are followed, causing the pointed to files to be copied +rather than the symbolic link information. +This is the default. +.TP +.BI M " message" +Set the +.I "end of medium" +prompt to +.IR message . +This message is used to prompt interactively for the next tape +reel or cartridge in cases where the tape runs out before +all files have been copied. +.I message +may contain one +.IR printf (3) +style integer format specification that is replaced with the +next part number. +.TP +.B P +Copy a physical view of the input files. +Causes symbolic link information to be copied as opposed to the +default (logical view) action of following symbolic links +and copying the pointed to files. +.TP +\fBR\fP \fIoption\fP[\fIvalue\fP][,\fIoption\fP[\fIvalue\fP]...] +Set record oriented format options. +Multiple options may be concatenated using +.BR , . +Some options may be fixed for some formats. +The options are: +.RS +.PD 0 +.TP +.B c +Record data is subject to character set conversions. +.TP +.BI f format +Set the output record format to +.IR format . +The supported record formats are: +.RS +.TP +.B D +Variable length with 4 byte record header. +The record size default is 512. +.TP +.B F +Fixed length with no record header. +The record size default is 128. +.TP +.B S +Spanned variable length with 4 byte record header. +The record size default is 0 (no limit). +.TP +.B U +Variable length with no record header. +The output block size matches the size of each output record. +The record size default is 512. +.TP +.B V +Spanned variable length with binary 4 byte record header. +The record size default is 0 (no limit). +The +.B D +format is preferred. +.PD +.RE +.TP +.BI m pattern +Only those files with input record format matching +.I pattern +are processed. +.TP +.B p +Partial output blocks are padded to the full blocksize. +.TP +.BI s size +Set the output record size to +.IR size . +.I size +should divide the output blocking. +.TP +.BI v label +Set the output volume label to +.IR label . +Some formats may truncate and/or case-convert +.IR label . +.PD +.RE +.TP +.B S +Similar to +.B \-l +except that symbolic links are created. +.TP +.BI U " id" +Set file ownership to the default of the user named +.IR id . +Valid only for the super-user. +.TP +.B V +Output a `.' as each file is encountered. +This overrides the +.B \-v +option. +.TP +.B X +Do not cross mount points when searching for files to output. +.SH DIAGNOSTICS +The number of files, blocks, and optionally the number of volumes and +media parts are listed on the standard error. +For +.B \-v +the input archive formats are also listed on the standard error. +.SH EXAMPLES +.TP +.B "pax \-w \-t 1m ." +Copies the contents of the current directory to tape drive 1, medium density. +.TP +.PD 0 +.BI mkdir " newdir" +.TP +.BI cd " olddir" +.TP +.BI "pax \-rw ." " newdir" +.PD +Copies the +.I olddir +directory hierarchy to +.IR newdir . +.SH "SEE ALSO" +ar(1), cpio(1), find(1), ksh(1), tar(1), tw(1), libdelta(3), cpio(5), tar(5) +.SH BUGS +Special privileges may be required to copy special files. +.br +Each archive format has a hard upper limit on member pathname sizes. +.br +Device, user-id and group-id numbers larger than 65535 cause additional +header records to be output. +These records are ignored by old versions of +.IR cpio (1) +and +.IR tar (1). |