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+.\" $OpenBSD: EVP_SignInit.3,v 1.22 2025/06/08 22:40:29 schwarze Exp $
+.\" full merge up to: OpenSSL 6328d367 Jul 4 21:58:30 2020 +0200
+.\"
+.\" This file was written by Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>.
+.\" Copyright (c) 2000-2002, 2005, 2006, 2014-2016 The OpenSSL Project.
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\"
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\"
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+.\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+.\" distribution.
+.\"
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
+.\" software must display the following acknowledgment:
+.\" "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+.\" for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+.\"
+.\" 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
+.\" endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+.\" prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
+.\" openssl-core@openssl.org.
+.\"
+.\" 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
+.\" nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
+.\" permission of the OpenSSL Project.
+.\"
+.\" 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
+.\" acknowledgment:
+.\" "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+.\" for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
+.\" EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
+.\" ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+.\" SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+.\" STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+.\" OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd $Mdocdate: June 8 2025 $
+.Dt EVP_SIGNINIT 3
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm EVP_SignInit_ex ,
+.Nm EVP_SignUpdate ,
+.Nm EVP_SignFinal ,
+.Nm EVP_SignInit
+.Nd EVP signing functions
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Lb libcrypto
+.In openssl/evp.h
+.Ft int
+.Fo EVP_SignInit_ex
+.Fa "EVP_MD_CTX *ctx"
+.Fa "const EVP_MD *type"
+.Fa "ENGINE *engine"
+.Fc
+.Ft int
+.Fo EVP_SignUpdate
+.Fa "EVP_MD_CTX *ctx"
+.Fa "const void *d"
+.Fa "unsigned int cnt"
+.Fc
+.Ft int
+.Fo EVP_SignFinal
+.Fa "EVP_MD_CTX *ctx"
+.Fa "unsigned char *sig"
+.Fa "unsigned int *s"
+.Fa "EVP_PKEY *pkey"
+.Fc
+.Ft void
+.Fo EVP_SignInit
+.Fa "EVP_MD_CTX *ctx"
+.Fa "const EVP_MD *type"
+.Fc
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The EVP signature routines are a high-level interface to digital
+signatures.
+.Pp
+.Fn EVP_SignInit_ex
+sets up the signing context
+.Fa ctx
+to use the digest
+.Fa type .
+Before calling this function, obtain
+.Fa ctx
+from
+.Xr EVP_MD_CTX_new 3
+or call
+.Xr EVP_MD_CTX_reset 3
+on it.
+The
+.Fa engine
+argument is always ignored and passing
+.Dv NULL
+is recommended.
+.Pp
+.Fn EVP_SignUpdate
+hashes
+.Fa cnt
+bytes of data at
+.Fa d
+into the signature context
+.Fa ctx .
+This function can be called several times on the same
+.Fa ctx
+to include additional data.
+.Pp
+.Fn EVP_SignFinal
+signs the data in
+.Fa ctx
+using the private key
+.Fa pkey
+and places the signature in
+.Fa sig .
+.Fa sig
+must be at least
+.Xr EVP_PKEY_size 3
+bytes in size.
+.Fa s
+is an OUT parameter, and not used as an IN parameter.
+The number of bytes of data written (i.e.\&
+the length of the signature) will be written to the integer at
+.Fa s .
+At most
+.Xr EVP_PKEY_size 3
+bytes will be written.
+.Pp
+.Fn EVP_SignInit
+initializes a signing context
+.Fa ctx
+to use the default implementation of digest
+.Fa type .
+.Pp
+The EVP interface to digital signatures should almost always be
+used in preference to the low-level interfaces.
+This is because the code then becomes transparent to the algorithm used
+and much more flexible.
+.Pp
+The call to
+.Fn EVP_SignFinal
+internally finalizes a copy of the digest context.
+This means that calls to
+.Fn EVP_SignUpdate
+and
+.Fn EVP_SignFinal
+can be called later to digest and sign additional data.
+.Pp
+Since only a copy of the digest context is ever finalized, the context
+must be cleaned up after use by calling
+.Xr EVP_MD_CTX_free 3
+or a memory leak will occur.
+.Pp
+.Fn EVP_SignInit_ex ,
+.Fn EVP_SignUpdate ,
+and
+.Fn EVP_SignInit
+are implemented as macros.
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+.Fn EVP_SignInit_ex ,
+.Fn EVP_SignUpdate ,
+and
+.Fn EVP_SignFinal
+return 1 for success and 0 for failure.
+.Pp
+The error codes can be obtained by
+.Xr ERR_get_error 3 .
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr evp 3 ,
+.Xr EVP_DigestInit 3 ,
+.Xr EVP_PKEY_size 3 ,
+.Xr EVP_VerifyInit 3
+.Sh HISTORY
+.Fn EVP_SignInit ,
+.Fn EVP_SignUpdate ,
+and
+.Fn EVP_SignFinal
+first appeared in SSLeay 0.5.1 and have been available since
+.Ox 2.4 .
+.Pp
+.Fn EVP_SignInit_ex
+first appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.7 and has been available since
+.Ox 3.2 .
+.Sh BUGS
+Older versions of this documentation wrongly stated that calls to
+.Fn EVP_SignUpdate
+could not be made after calling
+.Fn EVP_SignFinal .
+.Pp
+Since the private key is passed in the call to
+.Fn EVP_SignFinal ,
+any error relating to the private key (for example an unsuitable key and
+digest combination) will not be indicated until after potentially large
+amounts of data have been passed through
+.Fn EVP_SignUpdate .
+.Pp
+It is not possible to change the signing parameters using these
+function.
+.Pp
+The previous two bugs are fixed in the newer EVP_DigestSign* function.