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+.\" $OpenBSD: ERR_error_string.3,v 1.8 2025/06/08 22:40:29 schwarze Exp $
+.\" OpenSSL b97fdb57 Nov 11 09:33:09 2016 +0100
+.\"
+.\" This file was written by Ulf Moeller <ulf@openssl.org>.
+.\" Copyright (c) 2000, 2004 The OpenSSL Project. All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\"
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\"
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+.\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+.\" distribution.
+.\"
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
+.\" software must display the following acknowledgment:
+.\" "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+.\" for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+.\"
+.\" 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
+.\" endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+.\" prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
+.\" openssl-core@openssl.org.
+.\"
+.\" 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
+.\" nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
+.\" permission of the OpenSSL Project.
+.\"
+.\" 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
+.\" acknowledgment:
+.\" "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+.\" for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
+.\" EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
+.\" ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+.\" SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+.\" STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+.\" OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd $Mdocdate: June 8 2025 $
+.Dt ERR_ERROR_STRING 3
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm ERR_error_string ,
+.Nm ERR_error_string_n ,
+.Nm ERR_lib_error_string ,
+.Nm ERR_func_error_string ,
+.Nm ERR_reason_error_string
+.Nd obtain human-readable OpenSSL error messages
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Lb libcrypto
+.In openssl/err.h
+.Ft char *
+.Fo ERR_error_string
+.Fa "unsigned long e"
+.Fa "char *buf"
+.Fc
+.Ft void
+.Fo ERR_error_string_n
+.Fa "unsigned long e"
+.Fa "char *buf"
+.Fa "size_t len"
+.Fc
+.Ft const char *
+.Fo ERR_lib_error_string
+.Fa "unsigned long e"
+.Fc
+.Ft const char *
+.Fo ERR_func_error_string
+.Fa "unsigned long e"
+.Fc
+.Ft const char *
+.Fo ERR_reason_error_string
+.Fa "unsigned long e"
+.Fc
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+.Fn ERR_error_string
+generates a human-readable string representing the error code
+.Fa e
+and places it in
+.Fa buf .
+.Fa buf
+must be at least 256 bytes long.
+If
+.Fa buf
+is
+.Dv NULL ,
+the error string is placed in a static buffer.
+Note that this function is not thread-safe and does no checks on
+the size of the buffer; use
+.Fn ERR_error_string_n
+instead.
+.Pp
+.Fn ERR_error_string_n
+is a variant of
+.Fn ERR_error_string
+that writes at most
+.Fa len
+characters (including the terminating NUL) and truncates the string
+if necessary.
+For
+.Fn ERR_error_string_n ,
+.Fa buf
+may not be
+.Dv NULL .
+.Pp
+The string will have the following format:
+.Pp
+.Dl error:[error code]:[library name]:[function name]:[reason string]
+.Pp
+The error code is an 8-digit hexadecimal number.
+The library name, the function name, and the reason string are ASCII
+text.
+.Pp
+.Fn ERR_lib_error_string ,
+.Fn ERR_func_error_string ,
+and
+.Fn ERR_reason_error_string
+return the library name, the function name, and the reason string,
+respectively.
+.Pp
+The OpenSSL error strings should be loaded by calling
+.Xr ERR_load_crypto_strings 3
+or, for SSL applications,
+.Xr SSL_load_error_strings 3
+first.
+If there is no text string registered for the given error code, the
+error string will contain the numeric code.
+.Pp
+.Xr ERR_print_errors 3
+can be used to print all error codes currently in the queue.
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+.Fn ERR_error_string
+returns a pointer to a static buffer containing the string if
+.Fa buf
+is
+.Dv NULL ,
+or
+.Fa buf
+otherwise.
+.Pp
+.Fn ERR_lib_error_string ,
+.Fn ERR_func_error_string ,
+and
+.Fn ERR_reason_error_string
+return the strings, or
+.Dv NULL
+if none is registered for the error code.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr ERR 3 ,
+.Xr ERR_get_error 3 ,
+.Xr ERR_load_crypto_strings 3 ,
+.Xr ERR_print_errors 3 ,
+.Xr SSL_load_error_strings 3
+.Sh HISTORY
+.Fn ERR_error_string ,
+.Fn ERR_lib_error_string ,
+.Fn ERR_func_error_string ,
+and
+.Fn ERR_reason_error_string
+first appeared in SSLeay 0.4.4 and have been available since
+.Ox 2.4 .
+.Pp
+.Fn ERR_error_string_n
+first appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.6 and has been available since
+.Ox 2.9 .