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Diffstat (limited to 'static/netbsd/man5/networks.5')
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diff --git a/static/netbsd/man5/networks.5 b/static/netbsd/man5/networks.5 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0318798f --- /dev/null +++ b/static/netbsd/man5/networks.5 @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ +.\" $NetBSD: networks.5,v 1.18 2020/01/20 13:08:40 nia Exp $ +.\" +.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)networks.5 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 +.\" +.Dd July 14, 2018 +.Dt NETWORKS 5 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm networks +.Nd Internet Protocol network name data base +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Nm +file is used as a local source to translate between Internet Protocol +.Pq Tn IP +network addresses and network names (and vice versa). +It can be used in conjunction with the DNS, +.\"and the +.\".Tn NIS +.\"maps +.\".Sq networks.byaddr , +.\"and +.\".Sq networks.byname , +as controlled by +.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 . +.Pp +While the +.Nm +file was originally intended to be an exhaustive list of all +.Tn IP +networks that the local host could communicate with, distribution +and update of such a list for the world-wide +.Tn Internet +(or, indeed, for any large "enterprise" network) has proven to be +prohibitive, so the Domain Name System +.Pq Tn DNS +is used instead, except as noted. +.Pp +For each +.Tn IP +network a single line should be present with the following information: +.Dl name network [alias ...] +.Pp +These are: +.Bl -tag -width network -offset indent -compact +.It Em name +Official network name +.It Em network +IP network number +.It Em alias +Network alias +.El +.Pp +Items are separated by any number of blanks and/or tab characters. +A +.Dq \&# +indicates the beginning of a comment; characters up to the end of +the line are not interpreted by routines which search the file. +.Pp +Network number may be specified in the conventional dot +.Pq Dq \&. +notation using the +.Xr inet_network 3 +routine +from the +.Tn IP +address manipulation library, +.Xr inet 3 . +Network names may contain +.Qq a +through +.Qq z , +zero through nine, and dash. +.Pp +.Tn IP +network numbers on the +.Tn Internet +are generally assigned to a site by its Internet Service Provider +.Pq Tn ISP , +who, in turn, get network address space assigned to them by one of +the regional Internet Registries (e.g. ARIN, RIPE NCC, APNIC). +These registries, in turn, answer to the Internet Assigned Numbers +Authority +.Pq Tn IANA . +.Pp +If a site changes its ISP from one to another, it will generally +be required to change all its assigned IP addresses as part of the +conversion; that is, return the previous network numbers to the previous +.Tn ISP , +and assign addresses to its hosts from +.Tn IP +network address space given by the new +.Tn ISP . +Thus, it is best for a savvy network manager to configure their +hosts for easy renumbering, to preserve their ability to easily +change their +.Tn ISP +should the need arise. +.Sh FILES +.Bl -tag -width /etc/networks -compact +.It Pa /etc/networks +The +.Nm +file resides in +.Pa /etc . +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr getnetent 3 , +.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 , +.Xr resolv.conf 5 , +.Xr hostname 7 , +.Xr dhcpcd 8 , +.Xr dhcpd 8 , +.Xr named 8 +.Rs +.%R RFC 2317 +.%D March 1998 +.%T "Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation" +.Re +.Rs +.%R RFC 1918 +.%D February 1996 +.%T "Address Allocation for Private Internets" +.Re +.Rs +.%R RFC 1627 +.%D July 1994 +.%T "Network 10 Considered Harmful" +.Re +.Rs +.%R RFC 1519 +.%D September 1993 +.%T "Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR): an Address Assignment and Aggregation Strategy" +.Re +.Rs +.%R RFC 1101 +.%D April 1989 +.%T "DNS Encoding of Network Names and Other Types" +.Re +.Sh HISTORY +The +.Nm +file format appeared in +.Bx 4.2 . |