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-<table class="head">
- <tr>
- <td class="head-ltitle">RTW(4)</td>
- <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
- <td class="head-rtitle">RTW(4)</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-<div class="manual-text">
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">rtw</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">Realtek
- RTL8180L IEEE 802.11b wireless network driver</span></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Cd">rtw* at cardbus? function ?</code>
- <br/>
- <code class="Cd">rtw* at pci? dev ? function ?</code></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rtw</code> driver supports PCI/CardBus
- 802.11b wireless adapters based on the Realtek RTL8180L.</p>
-<p class="Pp">A variety of radio transceivers can be found in these devices,
- including the Philips SA2400A, Maxim MAX2820, and GCT GRF5101, though not
- all of them are currently supported.</p>
-<p class="Pp">These are the modes the <code class="Nm">rtw</code> driver can
- operate in:</p>
-<dl class="Bl-tag">
- <dt id="infrastructure">BSS mode</dt>
- <dd>Also known as
- <a class="permalink" href="#infrastructure"><i class="Em">infrastructure</i></a>
- mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which
- all traffic passes. This mode is the default.</dd>
- <dt id="IEEE">IBSS mode</dt>
- <dd>Also known as <a class="permalink" href="#IEEE"><i class="Em">IEEE
- ad-hoc</i></a> mode or
- <a class="permalink" href="#peer-to-peer"><i class="Em" id="peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer</i></a>
- mode. This is the standardized method of operating without an access
- point. Stations associate with a service set. However, actual connections
- between stations are peer-to-peer.</dd>
- <dt>Host AP</dt>
- <dd>In this mode the driver acts as an access point (base station) for other
- cards.</dd>
- <dt>monitor mode</dt>
- <dd>In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating
- with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and
- enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't
- normally have access to, or to scan for access points.</dd>
-</dl>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">rtw</code> supports software WEP. Wired
- Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is the de facto encryption standard for wireless
- networks. It can be typically configured in one of three modes: no
- encryption; 40-bit encryption; or 104-bit encryption. Unfortunately, due to
- serious weaknesses in WEP protocol it is strongly recommended that it not be
- used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication. WEP is not
- enabled by default.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="CONFIGURATION"><a class="permalink" href="#CONFIGURATION">CONFIGURATION</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rtw</code> driver can be configured at
- runtime with <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a> or on boot with
- <a class="Xr">ifconfig.if(5)</a> using the following parameters:</p>
-<dl class="Bl-tag">
- <dt id="bssid"><a class="permalink" href="#bssid"><code class="Cm">bssid</code></a>
- <var class="Ar">bssid</var></dt>
- <dd>Set the desired BSSID.</dd>
- <dt id="bssid~2"><a class="permalink" href="#bssid~2"><code class="Fl">-bssid</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Unset the desired BSSID. The interface will automatically select a BSSID
- in this mode, which is the default.</dd>
- <dt id="chan"><a class="permalink" href="#chan"><code class="Cm">chan</code></a>
- <var class="Ar">n</var></dt>
- <dd>Set the channel (radio frequency) to be used by the driver based on the
- given channel ID <var class="Ar">n</var>.</dd>
- <dt id="chan~2"><a class="permalink" href="#chan~2"><code class="Fl">-chan</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Unset the desired channel to be used by the driver. The driver will
- automatically select a channel in this mode, which is the default.</dd>
- <dt id="media"><a class="permalink" href="#media"><code class="Cm">media</code></a>
- <var class="Ar">media</var></dt>
- <dd>The <code class="Nm">rtw</code> driver supports the following
- <var class="Ar">media</var> types:
- <p class="Pp"></p>
- <dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
- <dt id="autoselect"><a class="permalink" href="#autoselect"><code class="Cm">autoselect</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Enable autoselection of the media type and options.</dd>
- <dt id="DS1"><a class="permalink" href="#DS1"><code class="Cm">DS1</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Set 802.11b DS 1Mbps operation.</dd>
- <dt id="DS2"><a class="permalink" href="#DS2"><code class="Cm">DS2</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Set 802.11b DS 2Mbps operation.</dd>
- <dt id="DS5"><a class="permalink" href="#DS5"><code class="Cm">DS5</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Set 802.11b DS 5.5Mbps operation.</dd>
- <dt id="DS11"><a class="permalink" href="#DS11"><code class="Cm">DS11</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Set 802.11b DS 11Mbps operation.</dd>
- </dl>
- </dd>
- <dt id="mediaopt"><a class="permalink" href="#mediaopt"><code class="Cm">mediaopt</code></a>
- <var class="Ar">opts</var></dt>
- <dd>The <code class="Nm">rtw</code> driver supports the following media
- options:
- <p class="Pp"></p>
- <dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
- <dt id="hostap"><a class="permalink" href="#hostap"><code class="Cm">hostap</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Select Host AP operation.</dd>
- <dt id="ibss"><a class="permalink" href="#ibss"><code class="Cm">ibss</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Select IBSS operation.</dd>
- <dt id="monitor"><a class="permalink" href="#monitor"><code class="Cm">monitor</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Select monitor mode.</dd>
- </dl>
- </dd>
- <dt id="mediaopt~2"><a class="permalink" href="#mediaopt~2"><code class="Fl">-mediaopt</code></a>
- <var class="Ar">opts</var></dt>
- <dd>Disable the specified media options on the driver and return it to the
- default mode of operation (BSS).</dd>
- <dt id="ssid"><a class="permalink" href="#ssid"><code class="Cm">ssid</code></a>
- <var class="Ar">id</var></dt>
- <dd>Set the network ID. The <var class="Ar">id</var> can either be any text
- string up to 32 characters in length, or a series of hexadecimal digits up
- to 64 digits. An empty <var class="Ar">id</var> string allows the
- interface to connect to any available access points. By default the
- <code class="Nm">rtw</code> driver uses an empty string. Note that network
- ID is synonymous with Extended Service Set ID (ESSID).</dd>
- <dt id="nwkey"><a class="permalink" href="#nwkey"><code class="Cm">nwkey</code></a>
- <var class="Ar">key</var></dt>
- <dd>Enable WEP encryption using the specified <var class="Ar">key</var>. The
- <var class="Ar">key</var> can either be a string, a series of hexadecimal
- digits (preceded by &#x2018;0x&#x2019;), or a set of keys of the form
- &#x201C;n:k1,k2,k3,k4&#x201D;, where &#x2018;n&#x2019; specifies which of
- the keys will be used for transmitted packets, and the four keys,
- &#x201C;k1&#x201D; through &#x201C;k4&#x201D;, are configured as WEP keys.
- If a set of keys is specified, a comma (&#x2018;,&#x2019;) within the key
- must be escaped with a backslash. Note that if multiple keys are used,
- their order must be the same within the network.
- <code class="Nm">rtw</code> is capable of using both 40-bit (5 characters
- or 10 hexadecimal digits) or 104-bit (13 characters or 26 hexadecimal
- digits) keys.</dd>
- <dt id="nwkey~2"><a class="permalink" href="#nwkey~2"><code class="Fl">-nwkey</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Disable WEP encryption. This is the default mode of operation.</dd>
- <dt id="nwkey~3"><a class="permalink" href="#nwkey~3"><code class="Cm">nwkey
- persist</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Enable WEP encryption with the persistent key stored in the network
- card.</dd>
-</dl>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="HARDWARE"><a class="permalink" href="#HARDWARE">HARDWARE</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The following adapters should work:</p>
-<p class="Pp"></p>
-<table class="Bl-column Bd-indent Bl-compact">
- <tr id="Card">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Card"><i class="Em">Card</i></a></td>
- <td>Bus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Belkin">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Belkin"><code class="Li">Belkin F5D6020
- V3</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Buffalo">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Buffalo"><code class="Li">Buffalo
- WLI-CB-B11</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Corega">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Corega"><code class="Li">Corega
- CG-WLCB11V3</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="D-Link">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#D-Link"><code class="Li">D-Link
- DWL-610</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Level-One">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Level-One"><code class="Li">Level-One
- WPC-0101</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Linksys">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Linksys"><code class="Li">Linksys WPC11
- v4</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Netgear">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Netgear"><code class="Li">Netgear
- MA521</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Ovislink">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Ovislink"><code class="Li">Ovislink AirLive
- WL-1120PCM</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="Planet">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#Planet"><code class="Li">Planet
- WL-3553</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="TrendNET">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#TrendNET"><code class="Li">TrendNET
- TEW-266PC</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
- <tr id="VCTnet">
- <td><a class="permalink" href="#VCTnet"><code class="Li">VCTnet
- PC-11B1</code></a></td>
- <td>CardBus</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="EXAMPLES"><a class="permalink" href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The following <a class="Xr">ifconfig.if(5)</a> example creates a
- host-based access point on boot:</p>
-<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
-<pre>inet 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 NONE media autoselect \
- mediaopt hostap ssid my_net chan 11</pre>
-</div>
-<p class="Pp">Configure rtw0 for WEP, using hex key
- &#x201C;0x1deadbeef1&#x201D;:</p>
-<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
-<pre># ifconfig rtw0 nwkey 0x1deadbeef1</pre>
-</div>
-<p class="Pp">Return rtw0 to its default settings:</p>
-<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
-<pre># ifconfig rtw0 -bssid -chan media autoselect \
- ssid &quot;&quot; -nwkey</pre>
-</div>
-<p class="Pp">Join an existing BSS network, &#x201C;my_net&#x201D;:</p>
-<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
-<pre># ifconfig rtw0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net</pre>
-</div>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
- ALSO</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">arp(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">cardbus(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">ifmedia(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">intro(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">netintro(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">pci(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">ifconfig.if(5)</a>, <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a></p>
-<p class="Pp"><cite class="Rs"><span class="RsT">Realtek</span>,
- <a class="RsU" href="http://www.realtek.com.tw">http://www.realtek.com.tw</a>.</cite></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rtw</code> device driver first appeared in
- <span class="Ux">NetBSD 3.0</span> and then in <span class="Ux">OpenBSD
- 3.7</span>.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="AUTHORS"><a class="permalink" href="#AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rtw</code> driver was written by
- <span class="An">David Young</span> &#x27E8;dyoung@NetBSD.org&#x27E9; and
- ported to <span class="Ux">OpenBSD</span> by <span class="An">Jonathan
- Gray</span>
- &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:jsg@openbsd.org">jsg@openbsd.org</a>&gt;, who
- wrote this man page.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="BUGS"><a class="permalink" href="#BUGS">BUGS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">Only the Philips SA2400A and Maxim MAX2820 RF transceivers are
- known to work. Devices incorporating a GCT RF transceiver are not supported
- due to a lack of documentation from GCT.</p>
-<p class="Pp">While PCI devices will attach most of them are not able to
- transmit.</p>
-</section>
-</div>
-<table class="foot">
- <tr>
- <td class="foot-date">December 29, 2004</td>
- <td class="foot-os">NetBSD 10.1</td>
- </tr>
-</table>