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-<table class="head">
- <tr>
- <td class="head-ltitle">ICMP(4)</td>
- <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
- <td class="head-rtitle">ICMP(4)</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-<div class="manual-text">
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">icmp</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">Internet
- Control Message Protocol</span></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="In">#include
- &lt;<a class="In">sys/socket.h</a>&gt;</code>
- <br/>
- <code class="In">#include &lt;<a class="In">netinet/in.h</a>&gt;</code></p>
-<p class="Pp"><var class="Ft">int</var>
- <br/>
- <code class="Fn">socket</code>(<var class="Fa" style="white-space: nowrap;">AF_INET</var>,
- <var class="Fa" style="white-space: nowrap;">SOCK_RAW</var>,
- <var class="Fa" style="white-space: nowrap;">proto</var>);</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">ICMP is the error and control message protocol used by IP and the
- Internet protocol family. It may be accessed through a &#x201C;raw
- socket&#x201D; for network monitoring and diagnostic functions. The
- <var class="Fa">proto</var> parameter to the socket call to create an ICMP
- socket is obtained from <a class="Xr">getprotobyname(3)</a>. ICMP sockets
- are connectionless, and are normally used with the
- <a class="Xr">sendto(2)</a> and <a class="Xr">recvfrom(2)</a> calls, though
- the <a class="Xr">connect(2)</a> call may also be used to fix the
- destination for future packets (in which case the <a class="Xr">read(2)</a>
- or <a class="Xr">recv(2)</a> and <a class="Xr">write(2)</a> or
- <a class="Xr">send(2)</a> system calls may be used).</p>
-<p class="Pp">Outgoing packets automatically have an IP header prepended to them
- (based on the destination address). Incoming packets are received with the
- IP header and options intact.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="DIAGNOSTICS"><a class="permalink" href="#DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">A socket operation may fail with one of the following errors
- returned:</p>
-<dl class="Bl-tag">
- <dt>[<code class="Er">EISCONN</code>]</dt>
- <dd>when trying to establish a connection on a socket which already has one,
- or when trying to send a datagram with the destination address specified
- and the socket is already connected;</dd>
- <dt>[<code class="Er">ENOTCONN</code>]</dt>
- <dd>when trying to send a datagram, but no destination address is specified,
- and the socket hasn't been connected;</dd>
- <dt>[<code class="Er">ENOBUFS</code>]</dt>
- <dd>when the system runs out of memory for an internal data structure;</dd>
- <dt>[<code class="Er">EADDRNOTAVAIL</code>]</dt>
- <dd>when an attempt is made to create a socket with a network address for
- which no network interface exists.</dd>
-</dl>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
- ALSO</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">recv(2)</a>, <a class="Xr">send(2)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">inet(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">intro(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">ip(4)</a></p>
-<p class="Pp"><cite class="Rs"><span class="RsT">Internet Control Message
- Protocol</span>, <span class="RsR">RFC</span>, <span class="RsN">792</span>,
- <span class="RsD">September 1981</span>.</cite></p>
-<p class="Pp"><cite class="Rs"><span class="RsT">Requirements for Internet Hosts
- -- Communication Layers</span>, <span class="RsR">RFC</span>,
- <span class="RsN">1122</span>, <span class="RsD">October
- 1989</span>.</cite></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">icmp</code> protocol appeared in
- <span class="Ux">4.3BSD</span>.</p>
-</section>
-</div>
-<table class="foot">
- <tr>
- <td class="foot-date">June 5, 1993</td>
- <td class="foot-os">NetBSD 10.1</td>
- </tr>
-</table>