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-<table class="head">
- <tr>
- <td class="head-ltitle">CD(4)</td>
- <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
- <td class="head-rtitle">CD(4)</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-<div class="manual-text">
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">cd</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">SCSI and
- ATAPI CD-ROM driver</span></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Cd">cd* at scsibus? target ? lun ?</code>
- <br/>
- <code class="Cd">cd1 at scsibus0 target 4 lun 0</code>
- <br/>
- <code class="Cd">cd* at atapibus? drive ? flags 0x0000</code></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">cd</code> driver provides support for a Small
- Computer Systems Interface (SCSI) bus and Advanced Technology Attachment
- Packet Interface (ATAPI) Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) drive. In an
- attempt to look like a regular disk, the <code class="Nm">cd</code> driver
- synthesizes a partition table, with one partition covering the entire
- CD-ROM. It is possible to modify this partition table using
- <a class="Xr">disklabel(8)</a>, but it will only last until the CD-ROM is
- unmounted. In general the interfaces are similar to those described by
- <a class="Xr">wd(4)</a> and <a class="Xr">sd(4)</a>.</p>
-<p class="Pp">As the SCSI adapter is probed during boot, the SCSI bus is scanned
- for devices. Any devices found which answer as `Read-only' type devices will
- be `attached' to the <code class="Nm">cd</code> driver.</p>
-<p class="Pp">For the use of flags with ATAPI devices, see
- <a class="Xr">wd(4)</a>.</p>
-<p class="Pp">The system utility <a class="Xr">disklabel(8)</a> may be used to
- read the synthesized disk label structure, which will contain correct
- figures for the size of the CD-ROM should that information be required.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="KERNEL_CONFIGURATION"><a class="permalink" href="#KERNEL_CONFIGURATION">KERNEL
- CONFIGURATION</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">Any number of CD-ROM devices may be attached to the system
- regardless of system configuration as all resources are dynamically
- allocated.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="IOCTLS"><a class="permalink" href="#IOCTLS">IOCTLS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The following <a class="Xr">ioctl(2)</a> calls which apply to SCSI
- CD-ROM drives are defined in the header files
- <code class="In">&lt;<a class="In">sys/cdio.h</a>&gt;</code> and
- <code class="In">&lt;<a class="In">sys/disklabel.h</a>&gt;</code>.</p>
-<dl class="Bl-tag">
- <dt id="DIOCGDINFO"><a class="permalink" href="#DIOCGDINFO"><code class="Dv">DIOCGDINFO</code></a></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt id="DIOCSDINFO"><a class="permalink" href="#DIOCSDINFO"><code class="Dv">DIOCSDINFO</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct disklabel</code>) Read or write the in-core copy
- of the disklabel for the drive. The disklabel is initialized with
- information read from the SCSI inquiry commands, and should be the same as
- the information printed at boot. This structure is defined in
- <a class="Xr">disklabel(5)</a>.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCPLAYTRACKS"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCPLAYTRACKS"><code class="Dv">CDIOCPLAYTRACKS</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_play_track</code>) Start audio playback given
- a track address and length. The structure is defined as follows:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_play_track
-{
- u_char start_track;
- u_char start_index;
- u_char end_track;
- u_char end_index;
-};</pre>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCPLAYBLOCKS"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCPLAYBLOCKS"><code class="Dv">CDIOCPLAYBLOCKS</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_play_blocks</code>) Start audio playback
- given a block address and length. The structure is defined as follows:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_play_blocks
-{
- int blk;
- int len;
-};</pre>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCPLAYMSF"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCPLAYMSF"><code class="Dv">CDIOCPLAYMSF</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_play_msf</code>) Start audio playback given a
- `minutes-seconds-frames' address and length. The structure is defined as
- follows:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_play_msf
-{
- u_char start_m;
- u_char start_s;
- u_char start_f;
- u_char end_m;
- u_char end_s;
- u_char end_f;
-};</pre>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCREADSUBCHANNEL"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCREADSUBCHANNEL"><code class="Dv">CDIOCREADSUBCHANNEL</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_read_subchannel</code>) Read information from
- the subchannel at the location specified by this structure:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_read_subchannel {
- u_char address_format;
-#define CD_LBA_FORMAT 1
-#define CD_MSF_FORMAT 2
- u_char data_format;
-#define CD_SUBQ_DATA 0
-#define CD_CURRENT_POSITION 1
-#define CD_MEDIA_CATALOG 2
-#define CD_TRACK_INFO 3
- u_char track;
- int data_len;
- struct cd_sub_channel_info *data;
-};</pre>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt id="CDIOREADTOCHEADER"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOREADTOCHEADER"><code class="Dv">CDIOREADTOCHEADER</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_toc_header</code>) Return summary information
- about the table of contents for the mounted CD-ROM. The information is
- returned into the following structure:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_toc_header {
- u_short len;
- u_char starting_track;
- u_char ending_track;
-};</pre>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt id="CDIOREADTOCENTRYS"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOREADTOCENTRYS"><code class="Dv">CDIOREADTOCENTRYS</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_read_toc_entry</code>) Return information
- from the table of contents entries mentioned. (Yes, this command name is
- misspelled). The argument structure is defined as follows:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_read_toc_entry {
- u_char address_format;
- u_char starting_track;
- u_short data_len;
- struct cd_toc_entry *data;
-};</pre>
- </div>
- The requested data is written into an area of size
- <code class="Li">data_len</code> and pointed to by
- <code class="Li">data</code>.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETPATCH"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETPATCH"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETPATCH</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_patch</code>) Attach various audio channels
- to various output channels. The argument structure is defined thusly:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_patch {
- u_char patch[4];
- /* one for each channel */
-};</pre>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCGETVOL"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCGETVOL"><code class="Dv">CDIOCGETVOL</code></a></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETVOL"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETVOL"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETVOL</code></a></dt>
- <dd>(<code class="Li">struct ioc_vol</code>) Get (set) information about the
- volume settings of the output channels. The argument structure is as
- follows:
- <div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
- <pre>struct ioc_vol
-{
- u_char vol[4];
- /* one for each channel */
-};</pre>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETMONO"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETMONO"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETMONO</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Patch all output channels to all source channels.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETSTEREO"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETSTEREO"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETSTEREO</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Patch left source channel to the left output channel and the right source
- channel to the right output channel.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETMUTE"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETMUTE"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETMUTE</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Mute output without changing the volume settings.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETLEFT"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETLEFT"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETLEFT</code></a></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETRIGHT"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETRIGHT"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETRIGHT</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Attach both output channels to the left (right) source channel.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSETDEBUG"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSETDEBUG"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSETDEBUG</code></a></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCCLRDEBUG"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCCLRDEBUG"><code class="Dv">CDIOCCLRDEBUG</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Turn on (off) debugging for the appropriate device.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCPAUSE"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCPAUSE"><code class="Dv">CDIOCPAUSE</code></a></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCRESUME"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCRESUME"><code class="Dv">CDIOCRESUME</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Pause (resume) audio play, without resetting the location of the
- read-head.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCRESET"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCRESET"><code class="Dv">CDIOCRESET</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Reset the drive.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSTART"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSTART"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSTART</code></a></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCSTOP"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCSTOP"><code class="Dv">CDIOCSTOP</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Tell the drive to spin-up (-down) the CD-ROM.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCALLOW"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCALLOW"><code class="Dv">CDIOCALLOW</code></a></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCPREVENT"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCPREVENT"><code class="Dv">CDIOCPREVENT</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Tell the drive to allow (prevent) manual ejection of the CD-ROM disc. Not
- all drives support this feature.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCEJECT"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCEJECT"><code class="Dv">CDIOCEJECT</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Eject the CD-ROM.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCLOADUNLOAD"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCLOADUNLOAD"><code class="Dv">CDIOCLOADUNLOAD</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Cause the ATAPI changer to load or unload discs.</dd>
- <dt id="CDIOCCLOSE"><a class="permalink" href="#CDIOCCLOSE"><code class="Dv">CDIOCCLOSE</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Tell the drive to close its door and load the media. Not all drives
- support this feature.</dd>
- <dt id="DIOCTUR"><a class="permalink" href="#DIOCTUR"><code class="Dv">DIOCTUR</code></a></dt>
- <dd>Test unit ready - to allow userland to silently check for presence of
- media.</dd>
-</dl>
-<p class="Pp">In addition the general <a class="Xr">scsi(4)</a> ioctls may be
- used with the <code class="Nm">cd</code> driver, if used against the `whole
- disk' partition (i.e. <span class="Pa">/dev/rcd0d</span> for the bebox and
- i386 port, <span class="Pa">/dev/rcd0c</span> for all other ports).</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="NOTES"><a class="permalink" href="#NOTES">NOTES</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">When a CD-ROM is changed in a drive controlled by the
- <code class="Nm">cd</code> driver, then the act of changing the media will
- invalidate the disklabel and information held within the kernel. To stop
- corruption, all accesses to the device will be discarded until there are no
- more open file descriptors referencing the device. During this period, all
- new open attempts will be rejected. When no more open file descriptors
- reference the device, the first next open will load a new set of parameters
- (including disklabel) for the drive.</p>
-<p class="Pp">The audio code in the <code class="Nm">cd</code> driver only
- support SCSI-2 standard audio commands. Because many CD-ROM manufacturers
- have not followed the standard, there are many CD-ROM drives for which audio
- will not work. Some work is planned to support some of the more common
- `broken' CD-ROM drives; however, this is not yet under way.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="FILES"><a class="permalink" href="#FILES">FILES</a></h1>
-<dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
- <dt><span class="Pa">/dev/cd[0-9][a-h]</span></dt>
- <dd>block mode CD-ROM devices</dd>
- <dt><span class="Pa">/dev/rcd[0-9][a-h]</span></dt>
- <dd>raw mode CD-ROM devices</dd>
-</dl>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="DIAGNOSTICS"><a class="permalink" href="#DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">None.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
- ALSO</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">intro(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">scsi(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">sd(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">wd(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">disklabel(5)</a>, <a class="Xr">disklabel(8)</a></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">cd</code> driver appeared in 386BSD 0.1.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="BUGS"><a class="permalink" href="#BUGS">BUGS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The names of the structures used for the third argument to
- <code class="Fn">ioctl</code>() were poorly chosen, and a number of spelling
- errors have survived in the names of the <code class="Fn">ioctl</code>()
- commands.</p>
-</section>
-</div>
-<table class="foot">
- <tr>
- <td class="foot-date">June 23, 2012</td>
- <td class="foot-os">NetBSD 10.1</td>
- </tr>
-</table>