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+.\"	$NetBSD: intro.3,v 1.38 2025/09/30 10:18:45 uwe Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     @(#)intro.3	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
+.\"
+.Dd April 14, 2021
+.Dt INTRO 3
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm intro
+.Nd introduction to the system libraries
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+This section provides an overview of the system libraries, their
+functions, error returns and other common definitions and concepts.
+Most of these functions are available from the standard C library,
+.Em libc .
+Other libraries, such as the math library,
+.Em libm ,
+must be indicated at compile time with the
+.Fl l
+option of the compiler.
+.\" .Pp
+.\" A subset of the
+.\" .Xr libc functions
+.\" are available from Fortran;
+.\" they are described separately in
+.\" .Xr intro 3f .
+.Pp
+The various system libraries supplied in
+.Nx
+(followed by the linker flags) are:
+.Bl -tag -width "libc (-lc)"
+.It Em libasn1 Pq Fl l Ns Ar asn1
+The abstract syntax notation (ASN) library provides routines for the
+specification of abstract data types.
+.It Em libbz2 Pq Fl l Ns Ar bz2
+Block-sorting compressor library providing routines for fast and
+efficient compression.
+.It Em libc Pq Fl l Ns Ar c
+The standard C library.
+When using the C compiler
+.Xr cc 1 ,
+it is not necessary to supply the linker flag
+.Fl l Ns Ar c
+for these functions.
+There are several subsystems included inside
+.Em libc :
+.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXX"
+.It standard I/O routines
+see
+.Xr stdio 3
+.It database routines
+see
+.Xr db 3
+.It bit operators
+see
+.Xr bitstring 3
+.It string operators
+see
+.Xr string 3
+.It character tests and character operators
+.It encryption and hash routines
+see
+.Xr md4 3
+and
+.Xr md5 3 .
+.It storage allocation
+see
+.Xr mpool 3
+and
+.Xr malloc 3
+.It time functions
+see
+.Xr time 3
+.It signal handling
+see
+.Xr signal 3
+.El
+.It Em libcom_err Pq Fl l Ns Ar com_err
+The common error description library.
+See
+.Xr com_err 3 .
+.It Em libcompat Pq Fl l Ns Ar compat
+Functions which are obsolete but are available for compatibility with
+.Bx 4.3 .
+In particular, a number of system call interfaces provided in previous
+releases of
+.Bx
+have been included for source code compatibility.
+Use of these routines should, for the most part, be avoided.
+The manual page entry
+for each compatibility routine indicates the proper interface to use.
+.It Em libcrypt Pq Fl l Ns Ar crypt
+The crypt library.
+See
+.Xr crypt 3 .
+.It Em libcrypto Pq Fl l Ns Ar crypto
+The OpenSSL cryptographic library.
+See
+.Xr crypto 7 .
+.It Em libcurses Pq Fl l Ns Ar curses Fl l Ns Ar terminfo
+Terminal independent screen management routines
+for two dimensional non-bitmap display terminals.
+See
+.Xr curses 3 .
+.It Em libdes Pq Fl l Ns Ar des
+The OpenSSL cryptographic library for the DES algorithms.
+See
+.Xr des 3 .
+.It Em libdm Pq Fl l Ns Ar dm
+The device-mapper driver access library used for communication with
+kernel driver
+.Xr dm 4
+and for
+.Xr lvm 8
+subsystem.
+.It Em libedit Pq Fl l Ns Ar edit
+The command-line editor or editline library.
+The editline library provides generic editing and history functions.
+See
+.Xr editline 3 .
+.It Em libform Pq Fl l Ns Ar form
+The curses form library provides a terminal-independent form system
+using the curses library.
+The form library provides facilities for defining forms on terminals.
+See
+.Xr forms 3 .
+.It Em libgssapi Pq Fl l Ns Ar gssapi
+The Generic Security Services (GSS) API library.
+This library provides
+verification services to applications and usually sits above the
+cryptographic libraries.
+.It Em libhdb Pq Fl l Ns Ar hdb
+The Heimdal Kerberos 5 authentication/authorisation database access
+library.
+.It Em libintl Pq Fl l Ns Ar intl
+The internationalized message handling library.
+See
+.Xr gettext 3 .
+.It Em libipsec Pq Fl l Ns Ar ipsec
+The IPsec policy control library.
+See
+.Xr ipsec_set_policy 3
+and
+.Xr ipsec_strerror 3 .
+.It Em libkadm5clnt Pq Fl l Ns Ar kadm5clnt
+The Kerberos 5 administration client library.
+.It Em libkadm5srv Pq Fl l Ns Ar kadm5srv
+The Kerberos 5 administration server library.
+See
+.Xr kadm5_pwcheck 3 .
+.It Em libkafs Pq Fl l Ns Ar kafs
+The Kerberos IV AFS library.
+See
+.Xr kafs 3 .
+.It Em libkdb Pq Fl l Ns Ar kdb
+The Kerberos IV authentication/authorisation database access library.
+.It Em libkrb Pq Fl l Ns Ar krb
+The Kerberos IV library.
+.It Em libkrb5 Pq Fl l Ns Ar krb5
+The Kerberos 5 library.
+See
+.Xr krb5 3 .
+.It Em libkstream Pq Fl l Ns Ar kstream
+Kerberos IV encrypted stream library.
+.It Em libkvm Pq Fl l Ns Ar kvm
+Kernel data access library.
+See
+.Xr kvm 3 .
+.It Em libl Pq Fl l Ns Ar l
+The library for
+.Xr lex 1 .
+.It Em libm Pq Fl l Ns Ar m
+The math library.
+See
+.Xr math 3 .
+.\" The math library is loaded as needed by the Pascal compiler
+.\" .Xr pc 1 ,
+.\" but not by the C compiler which requires the
+.\" .Fl l Ns Ar m
+.\" flag (see
+.\" .Xr math 3 ) .
+.\" .It Em libmp Pq Fl l Ns Ar mp
+.\" .It Em libom
+.\" Old math library.
+.\" .It Em libplot Pq Fl l Ns Ar plot
+.\" Device independent plotting functions (see
+.\" .Xr plot 3 ) .
+.\" .It Em libplotf77 Pq Fl l Ns Ar plotf77
+.\" The device independent plotting functions for fortran (see
+.\" .Xr plot 3 ) .
+.\" .It Em libresolv Pq Fl l Ns Ar resolv
+.\" Routines for network address resolution.
+.It Em libmenu Pq Fl l Ns Ar menu
+The curses menu library.
+See
+.Xr menus 3 .
+.It Em libnvmm Pq Fl l Ns Ar nvmm
+.Nx
+Virtualization API.
+See
+.Xr libnvmm 3 .
+.It Em libossaudio Pq Fl l Ns Ar ossaudio
+Open Sound System compatibility library.
+See
+.Xr ossaudio 3 .
+.It Em libpanel Pq Fl l Ns Ar panel
+The curses panel library.
+See
+.Xr panel 3 .
+.It Em libpcap Pq Fl l Ns Ar pcap
+The packet capture library.
+See
+.Xr pcap 3 .
+.It Em libpci Pq Fl l Ns Ar pci
+The PCI bus access library.
+See
+.Xr pci 3 .
+.It Em libposix Pq Fl l Ns Ar posix
+The POSIX compatibility library provides a compatibility interface for
+POSIX functions which differ from the standard BSD interfaces.
+See
+.Xr chown 2
+and
+.Xr rename 2 .
+.It Em libresolv Pq Fl l Ns Ar resolv
+The DNS resolver library.
+.It Em librmt Pq Fl l Ns Ar rmt
+Remote magnetic tape library.
+See
+.Xr rmtops 3 .
+.It Em libroken Pq Fl l Ns Ar roken
+A library containing compatibility functions used by Kerberos.
+It implements functionality required by the Kerberos implementation not
+implemented in the standard
+.Nx
+libraries.
+.It Em librpcsvc Pq Fl l Ns Ar rpcsvc
+The Remote Procedure Call (RPC) services library.
+See
+.Xr rpc 3 .
+.It Em libskey Pq Fl l Ns Ar skey
+The S/Key one-time password library.
+See
+.Xr skey 3 .
+.It Em libsl Pq Fl l Ns Ar sl
+.It Em libss Pq Fl l Ns Ar ss
+.It Em libssl Pq Fl l Ns Ar ssl
+The secure sockets layer (SSL) library.
+See
+.Xr ssl 7 .
+.It Em libtelnet Pq Fl l Ns Ar telnet
+The telnet library.
+.It Em libterminfo Pq Fl l Ns Ar terminfo
+The terminal-independent operation library.
+See
+.Xr terminfo 3 .
+.It Em libusbhid Pq Fl l Ns Ar usbhid
+The Universal Serial Bus (USB) Human Interface Devices access library.
+See
+.Xr libusbhid 3 .
+.It Em libutil Pq Fl l Ns Ar util
+The system utilities library.
+See
+.Xr util 3 .
+.It Em libwrap Pq Fl l Ns Ar wrap
+The TCP wrappers library.
+See
+.Xr hosts_access 3 .
+.It Em liby Pq Fl l Ns Ar y
+The library for
+.Xr yacc 1 .
+.It Em libz Pq Fl l Ns Ar z
+General-purpose compression library.
+See
+.Xr zlib 3 .
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr cc 1 ,
+.Xr ld 1 ,
+.Xr nm 1 ,
+.Xr rtld 1 ,
+.Xr intro 2
+.Sh HISTORY
+An
+.Nm
+manual appeared in
+.At v7 .