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+<table class="head">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="head-ltitle">ENVIRON(7)</td>
+ <td class="head-vol">Miscellaneous Information Manual</td>
+ <td class="head-rtitle">ENVIRON(7)</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<div class="manual-text">
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">environ</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">user
+ environment</span></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><var class="Ar">extern char **environ</var>;</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">An array of strings, called the <var class="Ar">environment</var>
+ is made available to each process by <a class="Xr">execve(2)</a> when a
+ process begins. By convention these strings have the form
+ <var class="Va">name</var><span class="No">=</span><var class="Ar">value</var>,
+ and are referred to as &#x201C;environment variables&#x201D;. A process can
+ query, update, and delete these strings using the
+ <a class="Xr">getenv(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">setenv(3)</a>, and
+ <a class="Xr">unsetenv(3)</a> functions, respectively. The shells also
+ provide commands to manipulate the environment; they are described in the
+ respective shell manual pages.</p>
+<p class="Pp">What follows is a list of environment variables typically seen on
+ a <span class="Ux">UNIX</span> system. It includes only those variables that
+ a user can expect to see during their day-to-day use of the system, and is
+ far from complete. Environment variables specific to a particular program or
+ library function are documented in the
+ <a class="Sx" href="#ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a> section of the appropriate
+ manual page.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="ENVIRONMENT"><a class="permalink" href="#ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a></h1>
+<dl class="Bl-tag">
+ <dt id="ARCHLEVEL"><a class="permalink" href="#ARCHLEVEL"><code class="Ev">ARCHLEVEL</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>On
+ <a class="permalink" href="#amd64"><i class="Em" id="amd64">amd64</i></a>,
+ controls the level of SIMD enhancements used. See
+ <a class="Xr">simd(7)</a> for details.</dd>
+ <dt id="BLOCKSIZE"><a class="permalink" href="#BLOCKSIZE"><code class="Ev">BLOCKSIZE</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The size of the block units used by several disk-related commands, most
+ notably <a class="Xr">df(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">du(1)</a> and
+ <a class="Xr">ls(1)</a>. <code class="Ev">BLOCKSIZE</code> may be
+ specified in units of a byte by specifying a number, in units of a
+ kilobyte by specifying a number followed by
+ &#x2018;<code class="Li">K</code>&#x2019; or
+ &#x2018;<code class="Li">k</code>&#x2019;, in units of a megabyte by
+ specifying a number followed by &#x2018;<code class="Li">M</code>&#x2019;
+ or &#x2018;<code class="Li">m</code>&#x2019;, and in units of a gigabyte
+ by specifying a number followed by
+ &#x2018;<code class="Li">G</code>&#x2019; or
+ &#x2018;<code class="Li">g</code>&#x2019;. Sizes less than 512 bytes or
+ greater than a gigabyte are ignored. This variable is processed by the
+ <a class="Xr">getbsize(3)</a> function.</dd>
+ <dt id="COLUMNS"><a class="permalink" href="#COLUMNS"><code class="Ev">COLUMNS</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The user's preferred width in column positions for the terminal. Utilities
+ such as <a class="Xr">ls(1)</a> and <a class="Xr">who(1)</a> use this to
+ format output into columns. If unset or empty, utilities will use an
+ <a class="Xr">ioctl(2)</a> call to ask the terminal driver for the
+ width.</dd>
+ <dt id="EDITOR"><a class="permalink" href="#EDITOR"><code class="Ev">EDITOR</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Default editor name.</dd>
+ <dt id="EXINIT"><a class="permalink" href="#EXINIT"><code class="Ev">EXINIT</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>A startup list of commands read by <a class="Xr">ex(1)</a> and
+ <a class="Xr">vi(1)</a>.</dd>
+ <dt id="EXTERROR_VERBOSE"><a class="permalink" href="#EXTERROR_VERBOSE"><code class="Ev">EXTERROR_VERBOSE</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Request the <a class="Xr">err(3)</a> and <a class="Xr">uexterr_gettext</a>
+ functions to unconditionally report additional information, mostly useful
+ for the (kernel) developer to diagnose the issue. See
+ <a class="Xr">err(3)</a> and <a class="Xr">exterror(9)</a> for more
+ details.</dd>
+ <dt id="HOME"><a class="permalink" href="#HOME"><code class="Ev">HOME</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>A user's login directory, set by <a class="Xr">login(1)</a> from the
+ password file <a class="Xr">passwd(5)</a>.</dd>
+ <dt id="LANG"><a class="permalink" href="#LANG"><code class="Ev">LANG</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>This variable configures all programs which use
+ <a class="Xr">setlocale(3)</a> to use the specified locale unless the
+ <code class="Ev">LC_*</code> variables are set.</dd>
+ <dt id="LC_ALL"><a class="permalink" href="#LC_ALL"><code class="Ev">LC_ALL</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Overrides the values of <code class="Ev">LC_COLLATE</code>,
+ <code class="Ev">LC_CTYPE</code>, <code class="Ev">LC_MESSAGES</code>,
+ <code class="Ev">LC_MONETARY</code>, <code class="Ev">LC_NUMERIC</code>,
+ <code class="Ev">LC_TIME</code> and <code class="Ev">LANG</code>.</dd>
+ <dt id="LC_COLLATE"><a class="permalink" href="#LC_COLLATE"><code class="Ev">LC_COLLATE</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Locale to be used for ordering of strings.</dd>
+ <dt id="LC_CTYPE"><a class="permalink" href="#LC_CTYPE"><code class="Ev">LC_CTYPE</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Locale to be used for character classification (letter, space, digit,
+ etc.) and for interpreting byte sequences as multibyte characters.</dd>
+ <dt id="LC_MESSAGES"><a class="permalink" href="#LC_MESSAGES"><code class="Ev">LC_MESSAGES</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Locale to be used for diagnostic messages.</dd>
+ <dt id="LC_MONETARY"><a class="permalink" href="#LC_MONETARY"><code class="Ev">LC_MONETARY</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Locale to be used for interpreting monetary input and formatting
+ output.</dd>
+ <dt id="LC_NUMERIC"><a class="permalink" href="#LC_NUMERIC"><code class="Ev">LC_NUMERIC</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Locale to be used for interpreting numeric input and formatting
+ output.</dd>
+ <dt id="LC_TIME"><a class="permalink" href="#LC_TIME"><code class="Ev">LC_TIME</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Locale to be used for interpreting dates input and for formatting
+ output.</dd>
+ <dt id="MAIL"><a class="permalink" href="#MAIL"><code class="Ev">MAIL</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The location of the user's mailbox instead of the default in /var/mail,
+ used by <a class="Xr">mail(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">sh(1)</a>, and many other
+ mail clients.</dd>
+ <dt id="MANPATH"><a class="permalink" href="#MANPATH"><code class="Ev">MANPATH</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The sequence of directories, separated by colons, searched by
+ <a class="Xr">man(1)</a> when looking for manual pages.</dd>
+ <dt id="NLSPATH"><a class="permalink" href="#NLSPATH"><code class="Ev">NLSPATH</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>List of directories to be searched for the message catalog referred to by
+ <code class="Ev">LC_MESSAGES</code>. See
+ <a class="Xr">catopen(3)</a>.</dd>
+ <dt id="PAGER"><a class="permalink" href="#PAGER"><code class="Ev">PAGER</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>Default paginator program. The program specified by this variable is used
+ by <a class="Xr">mail(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">man(1)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">ftp(1)</a>, etc, to display information which is longer than
+ the current display.</dd>
+ <dt id="PATH"><a class="permalink" href="#PATH"><code class="Ev">PATH</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The sequence of directories, separated by colons, searched by
+ <a class="Xr">csh(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">sh(1)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">system(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">execvp(3)</a>, etc, when
+ looking for an executable file. <code class="Ev">PATH</code> is set to
+ ``/usr/bin:/bin'' initially by <a class="Xr">login(1)</a>.</dd>
+ <dt id="POSIXLY_CORRECT"><a class="permalink" href="#POSIXLY_CORRECT"><code class="Ev">POSIXLY_CORRECT</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>When set to any value, this environment variable modifies the behaviour of
+ certain commands to (mostly) execute in a strictly POSIX-compliant
+ manner.</dd>
+ <dt id="PRINTER"><a class="permalink" href="#PRINTER"><code class="Ev">PRINTER</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The name of the default printer to be used by <a class="Xr">lpr(1)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">lpq(1)</a>, and <a class="Xr">lprm(1)</a>.</dd>
+ <dt id="PWD"><a class="permalink" href="#PWD"><code class="Ev">PWD</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The current directory pathname.</dd>
+ <dt id="SHELL"><a class="permalink" href="#SHELL"><code class="Ev">SHELL</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The full pathname of the user's login shell.</dd>
+ <dt id="TERM"><a class="permalink" href="#TERM"><code class="Ev">TERM</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The kind of terminal for which output is to be prepared. This information
+ is used by commands, such as <a class="Xr">nroff(1)</a>
+ (<span class="Pa">ports/textproc/groff</span>) or
+ <a class="Xr">plot(1)</a> which may exploit special terminal capabilities.
+ See <span class="Pa">/usr/share/misc/termcap</span>
+ (<a class="Xr">termcap(5)</a>) for a list of terminal types.</dd>
+ <dt id="TERMCAP"><a class="permalink" href="#TERMCAP"><code class="Ev">TERMCAP</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The string describing the terminal in <code class="Ev">TERM</code>, or, if
+ it begins with a '/', the name of the termcap file. See
+ <code class="Ev">TERMPATH</code> below, and
+ <a class="Xr">termcap(5)</a>.</dd>
+ <dt id="TERMPATH"><a class="permalink" href="#TERMPATH"><code class="Ev">TERMPATH</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>A sequence of pathnames of termcap files, separated by colons or spaces,
+ which are searched for terminal descriptions in the order listed. Having
+ no <code class="Ev">TERMPATH</code> is equivalent to a
+ <code class="Ev">TERMPATH</code> of
+ <span class="Pa">$HOME/.termcap:/etc/termcap</span>.
+ <code class="Ev">TERMPATH</code> is ignored if
+ <code class="Ev">TERMCAP</code> contains a full pathname.</dd>
+ <dt id="TMPDIR"><a class="permalink" href="#TMPDIR"><code class="Ev">TMPDIR</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The directory in which to store temporary files. Most applications use
+ either <span class="Pa">/tmp</span> or <span class="Pa">/var/tmp</span>.
+ Setting this variable will make them use another directory.</dd>
+ <dt id="TZ"><a class="permalink" href="#TZ"><code class="Ev">TZ</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The timezone to use when displaying dates. The normal format is a pathname
+ relative to <span class="Pa">/usr/share/zoneinfo</span>. For example, the
+ command
+ <p class="Pp"></p>
+ <div class="Bd Bd-indent"><code class="Li">env TZ=America/Los_Angeles
+ date</code></div>
+ <p class="Pp">displays the current time in California. See
+ <a class="Xr">tzset(3)</a> for more information.</p>
+ </dd>
+ <dt id="USER"><a class="permalink" href="#USER"><code class="Ev">USER</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>The login name of the user. It is recommended that portable applications
+ use <code class="Ev">LOGNAME</code> instead.</dd>
+</dl>
+<p class="Pp">Further names may be placed in the environment by the
+ <code class="Ic">export</code> command and <var class="Ar">name=value</var>
+ arguments in <a class="Xr">sh(1)</a>, or by the
+ <code class="Ic">setenv</code> command if you use <a class="Xr">csh(1)</a>.
+ It is unwise to change certain <a class="Xr">sh(1)</a> variables that are
+ frequently exported by <span class="Pa">.profile</span> files, such as
+ <code class="Ev">MAIL</code>, <code class="Ev">PS1</code>,
+ <code class="Ev">PS2</code>, and <code class="Ev">IFS</code>, unless you
+ know what you are doing.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The current environment variables can be printed with
+ <a class="Xr">env(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">set(1)</a> or
+ <a class="Xr">printenv(1)</a> in <a class="Xr">sh(1)</a> and
+ <a class="Xr">env(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">printenv(1)</a> or the
+ <code class="Cm">printenv</code> built-in command in
+ <a class="Xr">csh(1)</a>.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
+ ALSO</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">cd(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">csh(1)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">env(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">err(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">ex(1)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">login(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">printenv(1)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">sh(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">execve(2)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">execle(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">getbsize(3)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">getenv(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">setenv(3)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">setlocale(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">system(3)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">termcap(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">termcap(5)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">simd(7)</a>, <a class="Xr">exterror(9)</a></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">environ</code> manual page appeared in
+ <span class="Ux">Version&#x00A0;7 AT&amp;T UNIX</span>.</p>
+</section>
+</div>
+<table class="foot">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="foot-date">September 3, 2023</td>
+ <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>