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+<table class="head">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="head-ltitle">RSU(4)</td>
+ <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
+ <td class="head-rtitle">RSU(4)</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<div class="manual-text">
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">rsu</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">Realtek
+ RTL8188SU/RTL8192SU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless network driver</span></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines
+ in your kernel configuration file:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent"><code class="Cd">device ehci</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device uhci</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device ohci</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device usb</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device rsu</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device rsufw</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device wlan</code></div>
+<p class="Pp">Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place
+ the following lines in <a class="Xr">loader.conf(5)</a>:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
+<pre>if_rsu_load=&quot;YES&quot;
+rsu-rtl8712fw_load=&quot;YES&quot;</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver supports USB 2.0 wireless
+ network devices based on Realtek RTL8188SU, RTL8191SU and RTL8192SU
+ chipsets.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The RTL8188SU is a highly integrated 802.11n adapter that combines
+ a MAC, a 1T1R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip. It operates in
+ the 2GHz spectrum only.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The RTL8191SU is a highly integrated multiple-in, single-out
+ (MISO) 802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 1T2R capable baseband and an
+ RF in a single chip. It operates in the 2GHz spectrum only.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The RTL8192SU is a highly integrated multiple-in, multiple-out
+ (MIMO) 802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband and an
+ RF in a single chip. It operates in the 2GHz spectrum only.</p>
+<p class="Pp">These are the modes the <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver can
+ operate in:</p>
+<dl class="Bl-tag">
+ <dt id="infrastructure">BSS mode</dt>
+ <dd>Also known as
+ <a class="permalink" href="#infrastructure"><i class="Em">infrastructure</i></a>
+ mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which
+ all traffic passes. This mode is the default.</dd>
+ <dt>monitor mode</dt>
+ <dd>In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating
+ with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and
+ enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't
+ normally have access to, or to scan for access points.</dd>
+</dl>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver can be configured to use
+ Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and
+ WPA2-PSK). WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. It
+ is strongly recommended that WEP not be used as the sole mechanism to secure
+ wireless communication, due to serious weaknesses in it.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver can be configured at
+ runtime with <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a>.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HARDWARE"><a class="permalink" href="#HARDWARE">HARDWARE</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver provides support for
+ Realtek RTL8188SU/RTL8192SU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless network adapters,
+ including:</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<ul class="Bl-bullet Bd-indent Bl-compact">
+ <li>ASUS USB-N10</li>
+ <li>ASUS WL-167G V3</li>
+ <li>Belkin F7D1101 v1</li>
+ <li>D-Link DWA-131 A1</li>
+ <li>EDUP EP-MS150N(W)</li>
+ <li>Edimax EW-7622UMN</li>
+ <li>Hercules HWGUn-54</li>
+ <li>Hercules HWNUm-300</li>
+ <li>Planex GW-USNano</li>
+ <li>Sitecom WL-349 v1</li>
+ <li>Sitecom WL-353</li>
+ <li>Sitecom WLA-1100 v1001</li>
+ <li>Sweex LW154</li>
+ <li>TRENDnet TEW-646UBH</li>
+ <li>TRENDnet TEW-648UB</li>
+ <li>TRENDnet TEW-649UB</li>
+</ul>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="FILES"><a class="permalink" href="#FILES">FILES</a></h1>
+<dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
+ <dt><span class="Pa">/usr/share/doc/legal/realtek.LICENSE</span></dt>
+ <dd><code class="Nm">rsu</code> firmware license</dd>
+</dl>
+<p class="Pp">The driver needs at least version 1.2 of the following firmware
+ file, which is loaded when an interface is attached:</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<div class="Bd-indent">
+<dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
+ <dt><span class="Pa">/boot/kernel/rsu-rtl8712fw.ko</span></dt>
+ <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
+</dl>
+</div>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="EXAMPLES"><a class="permalink" href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access
+ point):</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<div class="Bd Bd-indent"><code class="Li">ifconfig wlan create wlandev rsu0
+ inet 192.0.2.20/24</code></div>
+<p class="Pp">Join a specific BSS network with network name
+ <var class="Ar">my_net</var>:</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<div class="Bd Bd-indent"><code class="Li">ifconfig wlan create wlandev rsu0
+ ssid my_net up</code></div>
+<p class="Pp">Join a specific BSS network with 64-bit WEP encryption:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
+<pre>ifconfig wlan create wlandev rsu0 ssid my_net \
+ wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 up</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DIAGNOSTICS"><a class="permalink" href="#DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></h1>
+<dl class="Bl-diag">
+ <dt>%s: failed load firmware of file rsu-rtl8712fw</dt>
+ <dd>For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the
+ filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted.</dd>
+ <dt>device timeout</dt>
+ <dd>A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in
+ time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen.</dd>
+</dl>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
+ ALSO</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">intro(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">netintro(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">rsufw(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">usb(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">wlan(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">networking(7)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">arp(8)</a>, <a class="Xr">hostapd(8)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a>, <a class="Xr">wpa_supplicant(8)</a></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver first appeared in
+ <span class="Ux">OpenBSD 4.9</span> and <span class="Ux">FreeBSD
+ 10.0</span>.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="AUTHORS"><a class="permalink" href="#AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver was written by
+ <span class="An">Damien Bergamini</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:damien@openbsd.org">damien@openbsd.org</a>&gt;
+ and ported by <span class="An">Rui Paulo</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:rpaulo@freebsd.org">rpaulo@freebsd.org</a>&gt;.
+ The 802.11n support was added by <span class="An">Adrian Chadd</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:adrian@freebsd.org">adrian@freebsd.org</a>&gt;.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="CAVEATS"><a class="permalink" href="#CAVEATS">CAVEATS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver currently does not support
+ 802.11n transmit aggregation, either A-MSDU or A-MPDU.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">rsu</code> driver does not capture management
+ frames in non-monitor modes; without this limitation some firmware functions
+ (e.g., 'join bss') will not work properly.</p>
+</section>
+</div>
+<table class="foot">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="foot-date">April 1, 2025</td>
+ <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>