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-<table class="head">
- <tr>
- <td class="head-ltitle">NUMA(4)</td>
- <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
- <td class="head-rtitle">NUMA(4)</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-<div class="manual-text">
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">NUMA</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">Non-Uniform
- Memory Access</span></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Cd">options MAXMEMDOM</code>
- <br/>
- <code class="Cd">options NUMA</code></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">Non-Uniform Memory Access is a computer architecture design which
- involves unequal costs between processors, memory and IO devices in a given
- system.</p>
-<p class="Pp">In a <code class="Nm">NUMA</code> architecture, the latency to
- access specific memory or IO devices depends upon which processor the memory
- or device is attached to. Accessing memory local to a processor is faster
- than accessing memory that is connected to one of the other processors.
- <span class="Ux">FreeBSD</span> implements NUMA-aware memory allocation
- policies. By default it attempts to ensure that allocations are balanced
- across each domain. Users may override the default domain selection policy
- using <a class="Xr">cpuset(1)</a>.</p>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">NUMA</code> support is enabled when the
- <code class="Cd">NUMA</code> option is specified in the kernel configuration
- file. Each platform defines the <code class="Cd">MAXMEMDOM</code> constant,
- which specifies the maximum number of supported NUMA domains. This constant
- may be specified in the kernel configuration file.
- <code class="Nm">NUMA</code> support can be disabled at boot time by setting
- the <var class="Va">vm.numa.disabled</var> tunable to 1. Other values for
- this tunable are currently ignored.</p>
-<p class="Pp">Thread and process <code class="Nm">NUMA</code> policies are
- controlled with the <a class="Xr">cpuset_getdomain(2)</a> and
- <a class="Xr">cpuset_setdomain(2)</a> syscalls. The
- <a class="Xr">cpuset(1)</a> tool is available for starting processes with a
- non-default policy, or to change the policy of an existing thread or
- process. See <a class="Xr">SMP(4)</a> for information about CPU to domain
- mapping.</p>
-<p class="Pp">Systems with non-uniform access to I/O devices may mark those
- devices with the local VM domain identifier. Drivers can find out their
- local domain information by calling <a class="Xr">bus_get_domain(9)</a>.</p>
-<section class="Ss">
-<h2 class="Ss" id="MIB_Variables"><a class="permalink" href="#MIB_Variables">MIB
- Variables</a></h2>
-<p class="Pp">The operation of <code class="Nm">NUMA</code> is controlled and
- exposes information with these <a class="Xr">sysctl(8)</a> MIB
- variables:</p>
-<p class="Pp"></p>
-<dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
- <dt id="vm.ndomains"><var class="Va">vm.ndomains</var></dt>
- <dd>The number of VM domains which have been detected.
- <p class="Pp"></p>
- </dd>
- <dt id="vm.phys_locality"><var class="Va">vm.phys_locality</var></dt>
- <dd>A table indicating the relative cost of each VM domain to each other. A
- value of 10 indicates equal cost. A value of -1 means the locality map is
- not available or no locality information is available.
- <p class="Pp"></p>
- </dd>
- <dt id="vm.phys_segs"><var class="Va">vm.phys_segs</var></dt>
- <dd>The map of physical memory, grouped by VM domain.</dd>
-</dl>
-</section>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="IMPLEMENTATION_NOTES"><a class="permalink" href="#IMPLEMENTATION_NOTES">IMPLEMENTATION
- NOTES</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The current <code class="Nm">NUMA</code> implementation is
- VM-focused. The hardware <code class="Nm">NUMA</code> domains are mapped
- into a contiguous, non-sparse VM domain space, starting from 0. Thus, VM
- domain information (for example, the domain identifier) is not necessarily
- the same as is found in the hardware specific information. Policy
- information is available in both struct thread and struct proc.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
- ALSO</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">cpuset(1)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">cpuset_getaffinity(2)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">cpuset_setaffinity(2)</a>, <a class="Xr">SMP(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">bus_get_domain(9)</a></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">NUMA</code> first appeared in
- <span class="Ux">FreeBSD 9.0</span> as a first-touch allocation policy with
- a fail-over to round-robin allocation and was not configurable. It was then
- modified in <span class="Ux">FreeBSD 10.0</span> to implement a round-robin
- allocation policy and was also not configurable.</p>
-<p class="Pp">The <a class="Xr">numa_getaffinity(2)</a> and
- <a class="Xr">numa_setaffinity(2)</a> syscalls and the
- <a class="Xr">numactl(1)</a> tool first appeared in <span class="Ux">FreeBSD
- 11.0</span> and were removed in <span class="Ux">FreeBSD 12.0</span>. The
- current implementation appeared in <span class="Ux">FreeBSD 12.0</span>.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="AUTHORS"><a class="permalink" href="#AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">This manual page written by <span class="An">Adrian Chadd</span>
- &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:adrian@FreeBSD.org">adrian@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="NOTES"><a class="permalink" href="#NOTES">NOTES</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">No statistics are kept to indicate how often
- <code class="Nm">NUMA</code> allocation policies succeed or fail.</p>
-</section>
-</div>
-<table class="foot">
- <tr>
- <td class="foot-date">October 22, 2018</td>
- <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
- </tr>
-</table>