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-<table class="head">
- <tr>
- <td class="head-ltitle">FD(4)</td>
- <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
- <td class="head-rtitle">FD(4)</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-<div class="manual-text">
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">fd</code>, <code class="Nm">stdin</code>,
- <code class="Nm">stdout</code>, <code class="Nm">stderr</code> &#x2014;
- <span class="Nd">file descriptor files</span></p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">The files <span class="Pa">/dev/fd/0</span> through
- <span class="Pa">/dev/fd/#</span> refer to file descriptors which can be
- accessed through the file system. If the file descriptor is open and the
- mode the file is being opened with is a subset of the mode of the existing
- descriptor, the call:</p>
-<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
-<pre>fd = open(&quot;/dev/fd/0&quot;, mode);</pre>
-</div>
-<p class="Pp">and the call:</p>
-<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
-<pre>fd = fcntl(0, F_DUPFD, 0);</pre>
-</div>
-<p class="Pp">are equivalent.</p>
-<p class="Pp">Opening the files <span class="Pa">/dev/stdin</span>,
- <span class="Pa">/dev/stdout</span> and <span class="Pa">/dev/stderr</span>
- is equivalent to the following calls:</p>
-<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
-<pre>fd = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 0);
-fd = fcntl(STDOUT_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 0);
-fd = fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 0);</pre>
-</div>
-<p class="Pp">Flags to the <a class="Xr">open(2)</a> call other than
- <code class="Dv">O_RDONLY</code>, <code class="Dv">O_WRONLY</code> and
- <code class="Dv">O_RDWR</code> are ignored.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="IMPLEMENTATION_NOTES"><a class="permalink" href="#IMPLEMENTATION_NOTES">IMPLEMENTATION
- NOTES</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp">By default, <span class="Pa">/dev/fd</span> is provided by
- <a class="Xr">devfs(4)</a>, which provides nodes for the first three file
- descriptors. Some sites may require nodes for additional file descriptors;
- these can be made available by mounting <a class="Xr">fdescfs(4)</a> on
- <span class="Pa">/dev/fd</span>.</p>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="FILES"><a class="permalink" href="#FILES">FILES</a></h1>
-<dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
- <dt><span class="Pa">/dev/fd/#</span></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt><span class="Pa">/dev/stdin</span></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt><span class="Pa">/dev/stdout</span></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
- <dt><span class="Pa">/dev/stderr</span></dt>
- <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
-</dl>
-</section>
-<section class="Sh">
-<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
- ALSO</a></h1>
-<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">devfs(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">fdescfs(4)</a>,
- <a class="Xr">tty(4)</a></p>
-</section>
-</div>
-<table class="foot">
- <tr>
- <td class="foot-date">June 9, 1993</td>
- <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
- </tr>
-</table>