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+<table class="head">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="head-ltitle">CC_NEWRENO(4)</td>
+ <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
+ <td class="head-rtitle">CC_NEWRENO(4)</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<div class="manual-text">
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">cc_newreno</code> &#x2014;
+ <span class="Nd">NewReno Congestion Control Algorithm</span></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="In">#include
+ &lt;<a class="In">netinet/cc/cc_newreno.h</a>&gt;</code></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">Details about the algorithm can be found in RFC5681.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="Socket_Options"><a class="permalink" href="#Socket_Options">Socket
+ Options</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">cc_newreno</code> module supports a number of
+ socket options under TCP_CCALGOOPT (refer to <a class="Xr">tcp(4)</a> and
+ <a class="Xr">mod_cc(9)</a> for details) which can be set with
+ <a class="Xr">setsockopt(2)</a> and tested with
+ <a class="Xr">getsockopt(2)</a>. The <code class="Nm">cc_newreno</code>
+ socket options use this structure defined in
+ &lt;sys/netinet/cc/cc_newreno.h&gt;:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Li">
+<pre>struct cc_newreno_opts {
+ int name;
+ uint32_t val;
+}</pre>
+</div>
+<dl class="Bl-tag">
+ <dt id="CC_NEWRENO_BETA"><var class="Va">CC_NEWRENO_BETA</var></dt>
+ <dd>Multiplicative window decrease factor, specified as a percentage, applied
+ to the congestion window in response to a congestion signal per: cwnd =
+ (cwnd * CC_NEWRENO_BETA) / 100. Default is 50.</dd>
+ <dt id="CC_NEWRENO_BETA_ECN"><var class="Va">CC_NEWRENO_BETA_ECN</var></dt>
+ <dd>Multiplicative window decrease factor, specified as a percentage, applied
+ to the congestion window in response to an ECN congestion signal when
+ <var class="Va">net.inet.tcp.cc.abe=1</var> per: cwnd = (cwnd *
+ CC_NEWRENO_BETA_ECN) / 100. Default is 80.
+ <p class="Pp">Note that currently the only way to enable hystart++ is to
+ enable it via socket option. When enabling it a value of 1 will enable
+ precise internet-draft (version 4) behavior (subject to any MIB variable
+ settings), other setting (2 and 3) are experimental.</p>
+ </dd>
+</dl>
+<p class="Pp">Note that hystart++ requires the TCP stack be able to call to the
+ congestion controller with both the <var class="Va">newround</var> function
+ as well as the <var class="Va">rttsample</var> function. Currently the only
+ TCP stacks that provide this feedback to the congestion controller is
+ rack.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="MIB_Variables"><a class="permalink" href="#MIB_Variables">MIB
+ Variables</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The algorithm exposes these variables in the
+ <var class="Va">net.inet.tcp.cc.newreno</var> branch of the
+ <a class="Xr">sysctl(3)</a> MIB:</p>
+<dl class="Bl-tag">
+ <dt id="beta"><var class="Va">beta</var></dt>
+ <dd>Multiplicative window decrease factor, specified as a percentage, applied
+ to the congestion window in response to a congestion signal per: cwnd =
+ (cwnd * beta) / 100. Default is 50.</dd>
+ <dt id="beta_ecn"><var class="Va">beta_ecn</var></dt>
+ <dd>Multiplicative window decrease factor, specified as a percentage, applied
+ to the congestion window in response to an ECN congestion signal when
+ <var class="Va">net.inet.tcp.cc.abe=1</var> per: cwnd = (cwnd * beta_ecn)
+ / 100. Default is 80.</dd>
+</dl>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
+ ALSO</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">cc_cdg(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">cc_chd(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">cc_cubic(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">cc_dctcp(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">cc_hd(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">cc_htcp(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">cc_vegas(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">mod_cc(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">tcp(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">mod_cc(9)</a></p>
+<p class="Pp"><cite class="Rs"><span class="RsA">Mark Allman</span>,
+ <span class="RsA">Vern Paxson</span>, and <span class="RsA">Ethan
+ Blanton</span>, <span class="RsT">TCP Congestion Control</span>,
+ <span class="RsO">RFC 5681</span>.</cite></p>
+<p class="Pp"><cite class="Rs"><span class="RsA">Naeem Khademi</span>,
+ <span class="RsA">Michael Welzl</span>, <span class="RsA">Grenville
+ Armitage</span>, and <span class="RsA">Gorry Fairhurst</span>,
+ <span class="RsT">TCP Alternative Backoff with ECN (ABE)</span>,
+ <span class="RsO">RFC 8511</span>.</cite></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"><a class="permalink" href="#ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS">ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">Development and testing of this software were made possible in
+ part by grants from the FreeBSD Foundation and Cisco University Research
+ Program Fund at Community Foundation Silicon Valley.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">cc_newreno</code> congestion control
+ algorithm first appeared in its modular form in <span class="Ux">FreeBSD
+ 9.0</span>.</p>
+<p class="Pp">This was the default congestion control algorithm in FreeBSD
+ before version <span class="Ux">FreeBSD 14.0</span>, after which
+ <a class="Xr">cc_cubic(4)</a> replaced it.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The module was first released in 2007 by James Healy and Lawrence
+ Stewart whilst working on the NewTCP research project at Swinburne
+ University of Technology's Centre for Advanced Internet Architectures,
+ Melbourne, Australia, which was made possible in part by a grant from the
+ Cisco University Research Program Fund at Community Foundation Silicon
+ Valley. More details are available at:</p>
+<p class="Pp">http://caia.swin.edu.au/urp/newtcp/</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="AUTHORS"><a class="permalink" href="#AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">cc_newreno</code> congestion control module
+ was written by <span class="An">James Healy</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:jimmy@deefa.com">jimmy@deefa.com</a>&gt;,
+ <span class="An">Lawrence Stewart</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:lstewart@FreeBSD.org">lstewart@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;
+ and <span class="An">David Hayes</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:david.hayes@ieee.org">david.hayes@ieee.org</a>&gt;.</p>
+<p class="Pp">Support for TCP ABE was added by <span class="An">Tom Jones</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:tj@enoti.me">tj@enoti.me</a>&gt;.</p>
+<p class="Pp">This manual page was written by <span class="An">Lawrence
+ Stewart</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:lstewart@FreeBSD.org">lstewart@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</p>
+</section>
+</div>
+<table class="foot">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="foot-date">February 4, 2023</td>
+ <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>