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+.\" -*- mode: troff; coding: utf-8 -*-
+.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man v6.0.2 (Pod::Simple 3.45)
+.\"
+.\" Standard preamble:
+.\" ========================================================================
+.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
+.if t .sp .5v
+.if n .sp
+..
+.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text
+.ft CW
+.nf
+.ne \\$1
+..
+.de Ve \" End verbatim text
+.ft R
+.fi
+..
+.\" \*(C` and \*(C' are quotes in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>.
+.ie n \{\
+. ds C` ""
+. ds C' ""
+'br\}
+.el\{\
+. ds C`
+. ds C'
+'br\}
+.\"
+.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform.
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el .ds Aq '
+.\"
+.\" If the F register is >0, we'll generate index entries on stderr for
+.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index
+.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the
+.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
+.\"
+.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'.
+.de IX
+..
+.nr rF 0
+.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1
+.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{\
+. if \nF \{\
+. de IX
+. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2"
+..
+. if !\nF==2 \{\
+. nr % 0
+. nr F 2
+. \}
+. \}
+.\}
+.rr rF
+.\"
+.\" Required to disable full justification in groff 1.23.0.
+.if n .ds AD l
+.\" ========================================================================
+.\"
+.IX Title "PKCS7_SIGN 3ossl"
+.TH PKCS7_SIGN 3ossl 2026-04-07 3.5.6 OpenSSL
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.if n .ad l
+.nh
+.SH NAME
+PKCS7_sign_ex, PKCS7_sign
+\&\- create a PKCS#7 signedData structure
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <openssl/pkcs7.h>
+\&
+\& PKCS7 *PKCS7_sign_ex(X509 *signcert, EVP_PKEY *pkey, STACK_OF(X509) *certs,
+\& BIO *data, int flags, OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx,
+\& const char *propq);
+\& PKCS7 *PKCS7_sign(X509 *signcert, EVP_PKEY *pkey, STACK_OF(X509) *certs,
+\& BIO *data, int flags);
+.Ve
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+\&\fBPKCS7_sign_ex()\fR creates and returns a PKCS#7 signedData structure.
+\&\fIsigncert\fR is the certificate to sign with, \fIpkey\fR is the corresponding
+private key. \fIcerts\fR is an optional set of extra certificates to include
+in the PKCS#7 structure (for example any intermediate CAs in the chain).
+The library context \fIlibctx\fR and property query \fIpropq\fR are used when
+retrieving algorithms from providers.
+.PP
+The data to be signed is read from BIO \fIdata\fR.
+.PP
+\&\fIflags\fR is an optional set of flags.
+.PP
+Any of the following flags (ored together) can be passed in the \fIflags\fR
+parameter.
+.PP
+Many S/MIME clients expect the signed content to include valid MIME headers. If
+the \fBPKCS7_TEXT\fR flag is set MIME headers for type \f(CW\*(C`text/plain\*(C'\fR are prepended
+to the data.
+.PP
+If \fBPKCS7_NOCERTS\fR is set the signer\*(Aqs certificate and the extra \fIcerts\fR
+will not be included in the PKCS7 structure.
+The signer\*(Aqs certificate must still be supplied in the \fIsigncert\fR parameter
+though. This can reduce the size of the signatures if the signer\*(Aqs certificates
+can be obtained by other means: for example a previously signed message.
+.PP
+The data being signed is included in the PKCS7 structure, unless
+\&\fBPKCS7_DETACHED\fR is set in which case it is omitted. This is used for PKCS7
+detached signatures which are used in S/MIME plaintext signed messages for
+example.
+.PP
+Normally the supplied content is translated into MIME canonical format (as
+required by the S/MIME specifications) if \fBPKCS7_BINARY\fR is set no translation
+occurs. This option should be used if the supplied data is in binary format
+otherwise the translation will corrupt it.
+.PP
+The signedData structure includes several PKCS#7 authenticatedAttributes
+including the signing time, the PKCS#7 content type and the supported list of
+ciphers in an SMIMECapabilities attribute. If \fBPKCS7_NOATTR\fR is set then no
+authenticatedAttributes will be used. If \fBPKCS7_NOSMIMECAP\fR is set then just
+the SMIMECapabilities are omitted.
+.PP
+If present the SMIMECapabilities attribute indicates support for the following
+algorithms: triple DES, 128 bit RC2, 64 bit RC2, DES and 40 bit RC2. If any of
+these algorithms is disabled then it will not be included.
+.PP
+If the flags \fBPKCS7_STREAM\fR is set then the returned \fBPKCS7\fR structure is
+just initialized ready to perform the signing operation. The signing is however
+\&\fBnot\fR performed and the data to be signed is not read from the \fIdata\fR
+parameter. Signing is deferred until after the data has been written. In this
+way data can be signed in a single pass.
+.PP
+If the \fBPKCS7_PARTIAL\fR flag is set a partial \fBPKCS7\fR structure is output to
+which additional signers and capabilities can be added before finalization.
+.PP
+If the flag \fBPKCS7_STREAM\fR is set the returned \fBPKCS7\fR structure is \fBnot\fR
+complete and outputting its contents via a function that does not properly
+finalize the \fBPKCS7\fR structure will give unpredictable results.
+.PP
+Several functions including \fBSMIME_write_PKCS7()\fR, \fBi2d_PKCS7_bio_stream()\fR,
+\&\fBPEM_write_bio_PKCS7_stream()\fR finalize the structure. Alternatively finalization
+can be performed by obtaining the streaming ASN1 \fBBIO\fR directly using
+\&\fBBIO_new_PKCS7()\fR.
+.PP
+If a signer is specified it will use the default digest for the signing
+algorithm. This is \fBSHA256\fR for both RSA and DSA keys.
+.PP
+The \fIcerts\fR, \fIsigncert\fR and \fIpkey\fR parameters can all be
+NULL if the \fBPKCS7_PARTIAL\fR flag is set. One or more signers can be added
+using the function \fBPKCS7_sign_add_signer()\fR. \fBPKCS7_final()\fR must also be
+called to finalize the structure if streaming is not enabled. Alternative
+signing digests can also be specified using this method.
+.PP
+If \fIsigncert\fR and \fIpkey\fR are NULL then a certificates only
+PKCS#7 structure is output.
+.PP
+In versions of OpenSSL before 1.0.0 the \fIsigncert\fR and \fIpkey\fR parameters must
+not be NULL.
+.PP
+\&\fBPKCS7_sign()\fR is like \fBPKCS7_sign_ex()\fR except that it uses default values of
+NULL for the library context \fIlibctx\fR and the property query \fIpropq\fR.
+This is retained for API backward compatibility.
+.SH BUGS
+.IX Header "BUGS"
+Some advanced attributes such as counter signatures are not supported.
+.SH "RETURN VALUES"
+.IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
+\&\fBPKCS7_sign_ex()\fR and \fBPKCS7_sign()\fR return either a valid PKCS7 structure
+or NULL if an error occurred. The error can be obtained from \fBERR_get_error\fR\|(3).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
+\&\fBERR_get_error\fR\|(3), \fBPKCS7_verify\fR\|(3)
+.SH HISTORY
+.IX Header "HISTORY"
+The function \fBPKCS7_sign_ex()\fR was added in OpenSSL 3.0.
+.PP
+The \fBPKCS7_PARTIAL\fR flag, and the ability for \fIcerts\fR, \fIsigncert\fR,
+and \fIpkey\fR parameters to be NULL were added in OpenSSL 1.0.0.
+.PP
+The \fBPKCS7_STREAM\fR flag was added in OpenSSL 1.0.0.
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
+Copyright 2002\-2025 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+.PP
+Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
+this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
+in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
+<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.