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authorJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-26 16:38:00 -0400
committerJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-26 16:38:00 -0400
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-.TH QNS 7
-.CT 1 sa_auto
-.SH NAME
-qns \- query name server
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B qns
-[
-.B -n
-.I server
-] [
-.I request
-]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.I Qns
-retrieves information from
-a database of naming information.
-It is used by
-.I rsh
-and
-.I rlogin
-(see
-.IR dcon (1))
-to translate names to internet addresses and by
-.IR mail (1)
-to route electronic mail.
-.PP
-Entries in the database
-consist of one or more
-.IB value , type
-pairs or simple
-.I values.
-A simple
-.I value
-declares the name of some entity.
-An entry may contain no name
-or several, and
-different entries containing the same name
-need not refer to the same entity.
-.PP
-These types are used:
-.PP
-.TF origin
-.TP
-.B dk
-.I Value
-is a Datakit address.
-.TP
-.B in
-.I Value
-is a numeric IP address.
-.TP
-.B dom
-.I Value
-is an internet domain name.
-.TP
-.B tel
-.I Value
-is a telephone number,
-possibly prefixed by a
-.I uucp
-.B Dialcodes
-name.
-.TP
-.B org
-.I Value
-is an organization name.
-.TP
-.B svc
-.I Value
-names a service.
-.TP
-.B origin
-.I Value
-must be
-.BR local ,
-for sorting by `distance';
-see below.
-.PD
-.PP
-The following entries describe an entity
-.B research
-with a Datakit address,
-an IP address and domain name,
-belonging to organization
-.BR att ,
-and offering the
-.B uucp
-service:
-.IP
-.EX
-192.11.4.55,in research research.astro.nj.att.com.,dom att,org
-research nj/astro/research,dk uucp,svc att,org
-.EE
-.PP
-.I Qns
-prints database entries that match
-.I requests.
-If a
-.IR request
-is supplied on the command line,
-.I qns
-prints the answer and exits;
-otherwise it reads and answers requests from the standard input
-until end-of-file.
-The possible requests are:
-.TP
-.BI set " key" ...
-Print every entry
-matching
-all
-.IR keys .
-.TP
-.BI value " tlist key" ...
-Examine entries matching
-the
-.IR keys
-until a pair with type
-.I tlist
-is found;
-print the matching value
-and stop.
-.I Tlist
-may be a single type,
-or several separated by
-.LR | .
-.TP
-.B reset
-Cause the name server
-to reinitialize its database.
-.TP
-.B help
-Print a list of requests.
-.TP
-.B quit
-Exit
-.IR qns .
-.PD
-.PP
-A
-.I key
-is a
-.IB value , type
-pair;
-an entry matches if it contains that pair.
-If
-.BI , type
-is omitted,
-any pair with the specified
-.I value
-will do.
-A
-.B *
-at the end of a
-.I value
-stands for an arbitrary suffix.
-.PP
-When a database search
-returns several entries with
-.B dk
-or
-.B dom
-types, and the database contains an entry with the conventional pair
-.BR local,origin ,
-the entries are sorted by increasing `distance'
-from the
-.B dk
-or
-.B dom
-pairs in the
-.B local,origin
-entry.
-Datakit names in the same exchange are nearer
-than names in different exchanges in the same area,
-which are nearer than names in different areas.
-Domain names matching to four levels of domain hierarchy
-are nearer than names matching to only three levels,
-and so on.
-.PP
-.I Qns
-expects to reach the name server
-.IR ns (8);
-option
-.B -n
-points it at service
-.I server
-instead.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.IR ipc (3),
-.IR ns (8)