diff options
| author | Jacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com> | 2026-04-25 14:02:27 -0400 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Jacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com> | 2026-04-25 14:02:27 -0400 |
| commit | 6d8bdc65446a704d0750217efd05532fc641ea7d (patch) | |
| tree | 8ae6d698b3c9801750a8b117b3842fb369872a3a /static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64 | |
| parent | 2f467bd7ff8f8db0dafa40426166491d7f57f368 (diff) | |
docs: OpenBSD Man Pages Added
Diffstat (limited to 'static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64')
| -rw-r--r-- | static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/MAKEDEV.8 | 317 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/Makefile | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/boot_amd64.8 | 191 |
3 files changed, 512 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/MAKEDEV.8 b/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/MAKEDEV.8 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1a32b0c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/MAKEDEV.8 @@ -0,0 +1,317 @@ +.\" $OpenBSD: MAKEDEV.8,v 1.99 2025/09/29 01:02:58 deraadt Exp $ +.\" +.\" THIS FILE AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED. DO NOT EDIT. +.\" generated from: +.\" +.\" OpenBSD: etc.amd64/MAKEDEV.md,v 1.85 2025/09/29 01:00:14 deraadt Exp +.\" OpenBSD: MAKEDEV.common,v 1.122 2025/01/08 23:09:25 kirill Exp +.\" OpenBSD: MAKEDEV.man,v 1.10 2025/09/29 01:00:14 deraadt Exp +.\" OpenBSD: MAKEDEV.mansub,v 1.2 2004/02/20 19:13:01 miod Exp +.\" +.\" Copyright (c) 2004, Miodrag Vallat +.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Todd T. Fries <todd@OpenBSD.org> +.\" +.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any +.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above +.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. +.\" +.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES +.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF +.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR +.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES +.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN +.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF +.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. +.\" +.Dd $Mdocdate: September 29 2025 $ +.Dt MAKEDEV 8 amd64 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm MAKEDEV +.Nd create system and device special files +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm MAKEDEV +.Op Ar name ... +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The shell script +.Nm , +found in the +.Pa /dev +directory, is used to create various special files. +See +.Xr intro 4 +for a more complete discussion of special files. +.Pp +.Nm +takes any number of device names as arguments, where the names are +the common abbreviation for the device or group of devices. +Files are created in the current working directory. +.Pp +Where a device name is followed by a star +.Sq * , +the star must be replaced by a unit number. +If units are expected for a device but not provided, +.Nm +will supply the standard numbers in most cases. +.Pp +The amd64 supports the following devices: +.Pp +.Sy Special device names +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar all +Creates special files for all devices on amd64. +.It Ar ramdisk +Ramdisk kernel devices. +.It Ar std +Creates the +.Sq standard +devices (console, klog, kmem, ksyms, mem, null, +stderr, stdin, stdout, tty, zero) +which are absolutely necessary for the system to function properly. +.It Ar local +Creates configuration-specific devices, by invoking the shell file +.Pa MAKEDEV.local . +.It Ar redodisks +Recreates all partitions for disks found in +.Pa /etc . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Disks +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar cd* +ATAPI and SCSI CD-ROM drives, see +.Xr cd 4 . +.It Ar fd* +Floppy disk drives (3 1/2", 5 1/4"), see +.Xr fd 4 . +.It Ar rd* +.Dq rd +pseudo-disks, see +.Xr rd 4 . +.It Ar sd* +SCSI disks, including flopticals, see +.Xr sd 4 . +.It Ar vnd* +.Dq file +pseudo-disk devices, see +.Xr vnd 4 . +.It Ar wd* +.Dq winchester +disk drives (ST506, IDE, ESDI, RLL, ...), see +.Xr wd 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Tapes +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar ch* +SCSI media changers, see +.Xr ch 4 . +.It Ar st* +SCSI tape drives, see +.Xr st 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Terminal ports +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar tty[0-7][0-9a-f] +NS16x50 serial ports, see +.Xr com 4 . +.It Ar ttyc* +Cyclades serial ports, see +.Xr cy 4 . +.It Ar ttyVI* +Virtio serial ports, see +.Xr viocon 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Pseudo terminals +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar ptm +pty master device, see +.Xr ptm 4 . +.It Ar pty* +Set of 62 master pseudo terminals, see +.Xr pty 4 . +.It Ar tty* +Set of 62 slave pseudo terminals, see +.Xr tty 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Console ports +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar ttyC-J* +wscons display devices, see +.Xr wsdisplay 4 . +.It Ar wscons +Minimal wscons devices, see +.Xr wscons 4 . +.It Ar wskbd* +wscons keyboards, see +.Xr wskbd 4 . +.It Ar wsmux +wscons keyboard/mouse mux devices, see +.Xr wsmux 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Pointing devices +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar wsmouse* +wscons mice, see +.Xr wsmouse 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Printers +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar lpa* +Polled printer port, see +.Xr lpt 4 . +.It Ar lpt* +IEEE 1284 centronics printer, see +.Xr lpt 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy USB devices +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar ttyU* +USB serial ports, see +.Xr ucom 4 . +.It Ar uall +All USB devices, see +.Xr usb 4 . +.It Ar ugen* +Generic USB devices, see +.Xr ugen 4 . +.It Ar uhid* +Generic HID devices, see +.Xr uhid 4 . +.It Ar fido +fido/* nodes, see +.Xr fido 4 . +.It Ar ujoy +ujoy/* nodes, see +.Xr ujoy 4 . +.It Ar ulpt* +Printer devices, see +.Xr ulpt 4 . +.It Ar usb* +Bus control devices used by usbd for attach/detach, see +.Xr usb 4 . +.El +.Pp +.Sy Special purpose devices +.Bl -tag -width tenletters -compact +.It Ar apm +Power Management Interface, see +.Xr apm 4 . +.It Ar audio* +Audio devices, see +.Xr audio 4 . +.It Ar bio +ioctl tunnel pseudo-device, see +.Xr bio 4 . +.It Ar bktr* +Video frame grabbers, see +.Xr bktr 4 . +.It Ar bpf +Berkeley Packet Filter, see +.Xr bpf 4 . +.It Ar dt +Dynamic Tracer, see +.Xr dt 4 . +.It Ar diskmap +Disk mapper, see +.Xr diskmap 4 . +.It Ar dri +Direct Rendering Infrastructure, see +.Xr drm 4 . +.It Ar efi +EFI runtime services, see +.Xr efi 4 . +.It Ar fd +fd/* nodes, see +.Xr fd 4 . +.It Ar fuse +Userland Filesystem, see +.Xr fuse 4 . +.It Ar gpio* +General Purpose Input/Output, see +.Xr gpio 4 . +.It Ar hotplug +devices hot plugging, see +.Xr hotplug 4 . +.It Ar ipmi* +IPMI BMC access, see +.Xr ipmi 4 . +.It Ar nvram +NVRAM access, see +.Xr nvram 4 . +.It Ar kcov +Kernel code coverage tracing, see +.Xr kcov 4 . +.It Ar pci* +PCI bus devices, see +.Xr pci 4 . +.It Ar pctr* +PC Performance Tuning Register access device, see +.Xr pctr 4 . +.It Ar pf +Packet Filter, see +.Xr pf 4 . +.It Ar pppx* +PPP Multiplexer, see +.Xr pppx 4 . +.It Ar pppac* +PPP Access Concentrator, see +.Xr pppac 4 . +.It Ar radio* +FM tuner devices, see +.Xr radio 4 . +.It Ar *random +In-kernel random data source, see +.Xr random 4 . +.It Ar rmidi* +Raw MIDI devices, see +.Xr midi 4 . +.It Ar speaker +PC speaker, see +.Xr spkr 4 . +.It Ar tun* +Network tunnel driver, see +.Xr tun 4 . +.It Ar tap* +Ethernet tunnel driver, see +.Xr tap 4 . +.It Ar tuner* +Tuner devices, see +.Xr bktr 4 . +.It Ar uk* +Unknown SCSI devices, see +.Xr uk 4 . +.It Ar video* +Video V4L2 devices, see +.Xr video 4 . +.It Ar vmm +Virtual Machine Monitor, see +.Xr vmm 4 . +.It Ar vscsi* +Virtual SCSI controller, see +.Xr vscsi 4 . +.It Ar pvbus* +paravirtual device tree root, see +.Xr pvbus 4 . +.It Ar kstat +Kernel Statistics, see +.Xr kstat 4 . +.It Ar psp +Platform Security Processor, see +.Xr psp 4 . +.El +.Sh FILES +.Bl -tag -width /dev -compact +.It Pa /dev +The special file directory. +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr intro 4 , +.Xr config 8 , +.Xr mknod 8 diff --git a/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/Makefile b/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e8fe087c --- /dev/null +++ b/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +MAN = boot_amd64.8 \ + MAKEDEV.8 + +include ../../../mandoc.mk diff --git a/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/boot_amd64.8 b/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/boot_amd64.8 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6c6926a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/openbsd/man8/man8.amd64/boot_amd64.8 @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ +.\" $OpenBSD: boot_amd64.8,v 1.9 2016/02/25 09:43:52 tb Exp $ +.\" +.\" Copyright (c) 1997 Tobias Weingartner +.\" +.\" All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED +.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.Dd $Mdocdate: February 25 2016 $ +.Dt BOOT_AMD64 8 amd64 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm boot_amd64 +.Nd amd64 system bootstrapping procedures +.Sh DESCRIPTION +.Ss Cold starts +The +.Tn Athlon64 +computers and clones will perform a POST (Power On Self Test) upon +being booted cold. +This test will find and initialize memory, keyboard, and other devices. +It will search for and initialize any extension ROMs that are present, +and then attempt to boot the operating system from an available boot +drive. +.Pp +The boot drive is usually specified in the BIOS setup. +.Ss Warm starts +The BIOS loads the first block (at physical location: track 0, head 0, +sector 1) off the boot device into memory, and if the last two bytes in the +block match the signature 0xAA55, the BIOS considers the block a valid +bootable drive. +The BIOS then proceeds to call the machine code program in this block. +If the BIOS is current, it will also pass the boot drive +to the boot block in register %dl. +.Pp +There are two different types of boot blocks on devices. +There is the +MBR (master boot record) and the PBR (partition boot record). +A digression +into a little piece of history will quickly give light as to why this is so. +In the beginning, the PC +.Dq architecture +came with single or dual floppy +drives, and no hard drives. +The only type of bootable sectors on any device were the PBRs. +They were responsible for loading the rest of the operating +system from the correct device. +When hard disks came out, it was felt that +such a huge space should be able to be partitioned into separate drives, +and this is when the MBR was invented. +.Pp +The MBR relocates itself upon being loaded and invoked by the BIOS. +Embedded within the MBR is a partition table, with four partition table +entries. +The MBR code traverses this table (which was loaded with the +MBR by the BIOS), looking for an active entry, and then loads the MBR or +PBR from the disk location specified by the partition table entry. +So in reality, the MBR is nothing more than a fancy chaining PBR. +.Pp +Note: The MBR could load another MBR, which is the case when you are booting +off an extended partition. +In other words, the first block of an extended +partition is really an MBR, which will then load the corresponding MBR or PBR +out of its extended partition's partition table. +.Ss Geometry translation +.Em WARNING : +This portion of the +.Dq PC BIOS Architecture +is a mess, and a compatibility nightmare. +.Pp +The PC BIOS has an API to manipulate any disk that the BIOS happens to +support. +This interface uses 10 bits to address the cylinder, 8 bits to +address the head, and 6 bits to address the sector of a drive. +This restricts any application using the BIOS to being able to address only +1024 cylinders, 256 heads, and 63 (since the sectors are 1 based) sectors +on a disk. +These limitations proved to be fine for roughly 3 years after +the debut of hard disks on PC computers. +.Pp +Many (if not all) newer drives have many more cylinders than the BIOS API +can support, and likely more sectors per track as well. +To allow the BIOS the ability of accessing these large drives, the BIOS would +.Dq re-map +the +cylinder/head/sector of the real drive geometry into something that would +allow the applications using the BIOS to access a larger portion of the +drive, still using the restricted BIOS API. +.Pp +The reason this has become a problem is that any modern OS will use its own +drivers to access the disk drive, bypassing the BIOS completely. +However, +the MBR, PBR, and partition tables are all still written using the original +BIOS access methods. +This is for backwards compatibility to the original IBM PC! +.Pp +So the gist of it is, the MBR, PBR, and partition table need to have BIOS +geometry offsets and cylinder/head/sector values for them to be able to +load any type of operating system. +This geometry can, and likely will, +change whenever you move a disk from machine to machine, or from controller +to controller. +.Em They are controller and machine specific . +.Ss Boot process options +On most +.Ox +systems, booting +.Ox +from the BIOS will load the +.Ox Ns -specific +first-stage bootstrap, +.Xr biosboot 8 , +which in turn will locate and load the second-stage bootstrap, +.Xr boot 8 . +Other bootstrapping software may be used, and can chain-load the +.Ox +bootstrapping code, or directly load the kernel. +In the latter case, refer to your bootloader documentation to know which +options are available. +.Ss Abnormal system termination +In case of system crashes, the kernel will usually enter the kernel +debugger, +.Xr ddb 4 , +unless it is not present in the kernel, or it is disabled via the +.Em ddb.panic +sysctl. +Upon leaving ddb, or if ddb was not entered, the kernel will halt the system +if it was still in device configuration phase, or attempt a dump to the +configured dump device, if possible. +The crash dump will then be recovered by +.Xr savecore 8 +during the next multi-user boot cycle. +It is also possible to force other behaviours from ddb. +.Sh FILES +.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/biosboot -compact +.It Pa /bsd +default system kernel +.It Pa /bsd.sp +single processor capable kernel +.It Pa /bsd.mp +multiprocessor capable kernel +.It Pa /bsd.rd +standalone installation kernel, suitable for disaster recovery +.It Pa /usr/mdec/mbr +system MBR image +.It Pa /usr/mdec/biosboot +system primary stage bootstrap (PBR) +.It Pa /usr/mdec/boot +system second stage bootstrap (usually also installed as +.Pa /boot ) +.It Pa /usr/mdec/pxeboot +PXE bootstrap +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr ddb 4 , +.Xr biosboot 8 , +.Xr boot 8 , +.Xr halt 8 , +.Xr init 8 , +.Xr installboot 8 , +.Xr pxeboot 8 , +.Xr reboot 8 , +.Xr savecore 8 , +.Xr shutdown 8 +.Sh BUGS +The +.Dq PC BIOS Architecture +makes this process very prone to weird and +wonderful interactions between different operating systems. +.Pp +There is no published standard to the MBR and PBR, +which makes coding these a nightmare. |
