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+.\"	$OpenBSD: msync.2,v 1.30 2024/01/21 17:46:03 deraadt Exp $
+.\"	$NetBSD: msync.2,v 1.8 1995/10/12 15:41:09 jtc Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"	@(#)msync.2	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
+.\"
+.Dd $Mdocdate: January 21 2024 $
+.Dt MSYNC 2
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm msync
+.Nd synchronize a mapped region
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.In sys/mman.h
+.Ft int
+.Fn msync "void *addr" "size_t len" "int flags"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Fn msync
+system call writes all pages with shared modifications
+in the specified region starting from
+.Fa addr
+and continuing for
+.Fa len
+bytes.
+.Fa addr
+should be a multiple of the page size.
+Any required synchronization of memory caches
+will also take place at this time.
+Filesystem operations on a file that is mapped for shared modifications
+are unpredictable except after an
+.Fn msync .
+.Pp
+The
+.Fa flags
+argument is the bitwise OR of zero or more of the following values:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+MS_ASYNC	Perform asynchronous writes.
+MS_SYNC		Perform synchronous writes.
+MS_INVALIDATE	Invalidate cached data after writing.
+.Ed
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+.Rv -std
+.Sh ERRORS
+The following errors may be reported:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er EBUSY
+The
+.Dv MS_INVALIDATE
+flag was specified and a portion of the specified region
+was locked with
+.Xr mlock 2 .
+.It Bq Er EINVAL
+The specified
+.Fa flags
+argument was invalid.
+.It Bq Er EINVAL
+The
+.Fa addr
+parameter was not page aligned or
+.Fa addr
+and
+.Fa size
+specify a region that would extend beyond the end of the address space.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The
+.Fa addr
+and
+.Fa len
+parameters specify a region which contains at least one page marked immutable.
+.It Bq Er ENOMEM
+Addresses in the specified region are outside the range allowed
+for the address space of the process, or specify one or more pages
+which are unmapped.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An I/O error occurred while writing.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr madvise 2 ,
+.Xr mimmutable 2 ,
+.Xr minherit 2 ,
+.Xr mprotect 2 ,
+.Xr munmap 2
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Fn msync
+function has been available since
+.Bx 4.3 Net/2 .
+It was modified to conform to
+.St -p1003.1b-93
+.Sh BUGS
+Writes are currently done synchronously even if the
+.Dv MS_ASYNC
+flag is specified.