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+.\"	$OpenBSD: tail.1,v 1.24 2022/08/03 08:28:19 jsg Exp $
+.\"	$NetBSD: tail.1,v 1.4 1994/11/23 07:42:13 jtc Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1991, 1993
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"	@(#)tail.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
+.\"
+.Dd $Mdocdate: August 3 2022 $
+.Dt TAIL 1
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm tail
+.Nd display the last part of a file
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm tail
+.Op Fl f | r
+.Oo
+.Fl b Ar number |
+.Fl c Ar number |
+.Fl n Ar number |
+.Fl Ar number
+.Oc
+.Op Ar
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Nm
+utility displays the contents of
+.Ar file
+or, by default, its standard input, to the standard output.
+.Pp
+The display begins at a byte, line, or 512-byte block location in the
+input.
+Numbers having a leading plus
+.Pq Ql +
+sign are relative to the beginning of the input, for example,
+.Ic -c +2
+starts the display at the second
+byte of the input.
+Numbers having a leading minus
+.Pq Ql -
+sign or no explicit sign are
+relative to the end of the input, for example,
+.Ic -n 2
+displays the last two lines of the input.
+The default starting location is
+.Ic -n 10 ,
+or the last 10 lines of the input.
+.Pp
+The options are as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Fl b Ar number
+The location is
+.Ar number
+512-byte blocks.
+.It Fl c Ar number
+The location is
+.Ar number
+bytes.
+.It Fl f
+Do not stop when end-of-file is reached; instead, wait for additional
+data to be appended to the input.
+If the file is replaced (i.e., the inode number changes),
+.Nm
+will reopen the file and continue.
+If the file is truncated,
+.Nm
+will reset its position to the beginning.
+This makes
+.Nm
+more useful for watching log files that may get rotated.
+The
+.Fl f
+option is ignored if there are no
+.Fa file
+arguments and the standard input is a pipe or a FIFO.
+.It Fl n Ar number | Fl Ar number
+The location is
+.Ar number
+lines.
+.It Fl r
+The
+.Fl r
+option causes the input to be displayed in reverse order, by line.
+Additionally, this option changes the meaning of the
+.Fl b ,
+.Fl c ,
+and
+.Fl n
+options.
+When the
+.Fl r
+option is specified, these options specify the number of bytes, lines
+or 512-byte blocks to display, instead of the bytes, lines, or blocks
+from the beginning or end of the input from which to begin the display.
+The default for the
+.Fl r
+option is to display all of the input.
+.El
+.Pp
+If more than one file is specified,
+.Nm
+precedes the output of each file with the following, in order
+to distinguish files:
+.Pp
+.Dl ==> Ar file No <==
+.Sh EXIT STATUS
+.Ex -std tail
+.Sh EXAMPLES
+To display the last 500 lines of the file
+.Ar foo :
+.Pp
+.Dl $ tail -500 foo
+.Pp
+Keep
+.Pa /var/log/messages
+open, displaying to the standard output anything appended to the file:
+.Pp
+.Dl $ tail -f /var/log/messages
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr cat 1 ,
+.Xr head 1 ,
+.Xr sed 1
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Nm
+utility is compliant with the
+.St -p1003.1-2008
+specification.
+.Pp
+The flags
+.Op Fl br
+are extensions to that specification.
+.Pp
+The historic command line syntax of
+.Nm
+is supported by this implementation.
+The only difference between this implementation and historic versions
+of
+.Nm tail ,
+once the command line syntax translation has been done, is that the
+.Fl b ,
+.Fl c
+and
+.Fl n
+options modify the
+.Fl r
+option, i.e.,
+.Ic -r -c 4
+displays the last 4 characters of the last line
+of the input, while the historic tail (using the historic syntax
+.Ic -4cr )
+would ignore the
+.Fl c
+option and display the last 4 lines of the input.
+.Sh HISTORY
+A
+.Nm
+command first appeared outside of Bell Labs in PWB/UNIX 1.0.