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+.\"	$NetBSD: up.4,v 1.19 2017/08/01 11:11:17 wiz Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 19801988
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     from: @(#)up.4	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
+.\"
+.Dd February 17, 2017
+.Dt UP 4 vax
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm up
+.Nd UNIBUS storage module controller/disk drives
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Cd "sc0 at uba? csr 0176700 vector upintr"
+.Cd "up0 at sc0 drive 0"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+NOTE: This driver has not been ported from
+.Bx 4.4
+yet.
+.Pp
+This is a generic
+.Tn UNIBUS
+storage module disk driver.
+It is specifically designed to work with the
+Emulex
+.Tn SC-21
+and
+.Tn SC-31
+controllers.
+It can be easily
+adapted to other controllers (although bootstrapping will
+not necessarily be directly possible.)
+.Pp
+The script
+.Xr MAKEDEV 8
+should be used to create the
+.Nm up
+special files; consult
+.Xr mknod 8
+if a special file needs to be made manually.
+It is recommended as a security precaution to not create special files
+for devices which may never be installed.
+.Sh DISK SUPPORT
+The driver interrogates the controller's holding register
+to determine the type of drive attached.
+The driver recognizes seven different drives:
+.Tn CDC
+9762,
+.Tn CDC
+9766,
+.Tn AMPEX DM Ns 980 ,
+.Tn AMPEX
+9300,
+.Tn AMPEX
+Capricorn,
+.Tn FUJITSU
+160, and
+.Tn FUJITSU
+Eagle
+(the Eagle is not supported by the SC-21).
+.Pp
+Special file names begin with
+.Sq Li up
+and
+.Sq Li rup
+for the block and character files respectively.
+The second component of the name, a drive unit number in the range
+of zero to seven, is represented by a
+.Sq Li \&?
+in the disk layouts below.
+The last component of the name, the file system partition, is
+designated by a letter from
+.Sq Li a
+to
+.Sq Li h
+which also corresponds to a minor device number set: zero to seven,
+eight to 15, 16 to 23 and so forth for drive zero, drive two and drive
+three respectively (see
+.Xr physio 4 ) .
+The location and size (in 512 byte sectors) of the
+partitions for the above drives:
+.Bl -hang
+.It Tn CDC No 9762 partitions
+.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
+.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
+.It hp?a	0	15884	0-99
+.It hp?b	16000	33440	100-309
+.It hp?c	0	131680	0-822
+.It hp?d	49600	15884	309-408
+.It hp?e	65440	55936	409-758
+.It hp?f	121440	10080	759-822
+.It hp?g	49600	82080	309-822
+.El
+.It Tn CDC No 9766 300M drive partitions
+.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
+.It Sy disk	start	length	cyl
+.It up?a	0	15884	0-26
+.It up?b	16416	33440	27-81
+.It up?c	0	500384	0-822
+.It up?d	341696	15884	562-588
+.It up?e	358112	55936	589-680
+.It up?f	414048	861760	681-822
+.It up?g	341696	158528	562-822
+.It up?h	49856	291346	82-561
+.El
+.It Tn AMPEX DM Ns No 980 partitions
+.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
+.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
+.It hp?a	0	15884	0-99
+.It hp?b	16000	33440	100-309
+.It hp?c	0	131680	0-822
+.It hp?d	49600	15884	309-408
+.It hp?e	65440	55936	409-758
+.It hp?f	121440	10080	759-822
+.It hp?g	49600	82080	309-822
+.El
+.It Tn AMPEX No 9300 300M drive partitions
+.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
+.It Sy disk	start	length	cyl
+.It up?a	0	15884	0-26
+.It up?b	16416	33440	27-81
+.It up?c	0	495520	0-814
+.It up?d	341696	15884	562-588
+.It up?e	358112	55936	589-680
+.It up?f	414048	81312	681-814
+.It up?g	341696	153664	562-814
+.It up?h	49856	291346	82-561
+.El
+.It Tn AMPEX No Capricorn 330M drive partitions
+.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
+.It Sy disk	start	length	cyl
+.It hp?a	0	15884	0-31
+.It hp?b	16384	33440	32-97
+.It hp?c	0	524288	0-1023
+.It hp?d	342016	15884	668-699
+.It hp?e	358400	55936	700-809
+.It hp?f	414720	109408	810-1023
+.It hp?g	342016	182112	668-1023
+.It hp?h	50176	291346	98-667
+.El
+.It Tn FUJITSU No 160M drive partitions
+.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
+.It Sy disk	start	length	cyl
+.It up?a	0	15884	0-49
+.It up?b	16000	33440	50-154
+.It up?c	0	263360	0-822
+.It up?d	49600	15884	155-204
+.It up?e	65600	55936	205-379
+.It up?f	121600	141600	380-822
+.It up?g	49600	213600	155-822
+.El
+.It Tn FUJITSU No Eagle partitions
+.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
+.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
+.It hp?a	0	15884	0-16
+.It hp?b	16320	66880	17-86
+.It hp?c	0	808320	0-841
+.It hp?d	375360	15884	391-407
+.It hp?e	391680	55936	408-727
+.It hp?f	698880	109248	728-841
+.It hp?g	375360	432768	391-841
+.It hp?h	83520	291346	87-390
+.El
+.El
+.Pp
+The up?a partition is normally used for the root file system,
+the up?b partition as a paging area,
+and the up?c partition for pack-pack copying (it maps the entire disk).
+On 160M drives the up?g partition maps the rest of the pack.
+On other drives both up?g and up?h are used to map the
+remaining cylinders.
+.Sh FILES
+.Bl -tag -width Pa -compact
+.It Pa /dev/up[0-7][a-h]
+block files
+.It Pa /dev/rup[0-7][a-h]
+raw files
+.El
+.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
+.Bl -diag
+.It "up%d%c: hard error %sing fsbn %d[-%d] cs2=%b er1=%b er2=%b."
+An unrecoverable error occurred during transfer of the specified
+filesystem block number(s),
+which are logical block numbers on the indicated partition.
+The contents of the cs2, er1 and er2 registers are printed
+in octal and symbolically with bits decoded.
+The error was either unrecoverable, or a large number of retry attempts
+(including offset positioning and drive recalibration) could not
+recover the error.
+.It "up%d: write locked."
+The write protect switch was set on the drive
+when a write was attempted.
+The write operation is not recoverable.
+.It "up%d: not ready."
+The drive was spun down or off line when it was
+accessed.
+The I/O operation is not recoverable.
+.It "up%d: not ready (flakey)."
+The drive was not ready, but after
+printing the message about being not ready (which takes a fraction
+of a second) was ready.
+The operation is recovered if no further errors occur.
+.It "up%d%c: soft ecc reading fsbn %d[-%d]."
+A recoverable ECC error occurred on the
+specified sector of the specified disk partition.
+This happens normally
+a few times a week.
+If it happens more frequently than this the sectors where the errors
+are occurring should be checked to see if certain cylinders on the
+pack, spots on the carriage of the drive or heads are indicated.
+.It "sc%d: lost interrupt."
+A timer watching the controller detecting
+no interrupt for an extended period while an operation was outstanding.
+This indicates a hardware or software failure.
+There is currently a hardware/software problem with spinning down
+drives while they are being accessed which causes this error to
+occur.
+The error causes a
+.Tn UNIBUS
+reset, and retry of the pending operations.
+If the controller continues to lose interrupts, this error will recur
+a few seconds later.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr vax/hk 4 ,
+.Xr vax/hp 4 ,
+.Xr vax/uda 4
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Nm up
+driver appeared in
+.Bx 4.0 .
+.Sh BUGS
+A program to analyze the logged error information (even in its
+present reduced form) is needed.
+.Pp
+The partition tables for the file systems should be read off of each
+pack, as they are never quite what any single installation would prefer,
+and this would make packs more portable.