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+.\"	$NetBSD: spi.4,v 1.15 2025/11/29 18:51:55 brad Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 2006 Urbana-Champaign Independent Media Center.
+.\" Copyright (c) 2006 Garrett D'Amore.
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Portions of this code were written by Garrett D'Amore for the
+.\" Champaign-Urbana Community Wireless Network Project.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
+.\" without modification, are permitted provided that the following
+.\" conditions are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+.\"    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+.\"    disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
+.\"    with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
+.\"    software must display the following acknowledgements:
+.\"      This product includes software developed by the Urbana-Champaign
+.\"      Independent Media Center.
+.\"	This product includes software developed by Garrett D'Amore.
+.\" 4. Urbana-Champaign Independent Media Center's name and Garrett
+.\"    D'Amore's name may not be used to endorse or promote products
+.\"    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE URBANA-CHAMPAIGN INDEPENDENT
+.\" MEDIA CENTER AND GARRETT D'AMORE ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE URBANA-CHAMPAIGN INDEPENDENT
+.\" MEDIA CENTER OR GARRETT D'AMORE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+.\" CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+.\" STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
+.\" ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd February 27, 2021
+.Dt SPI 4
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm spi
+.Nd introduction to machine-independent SPI bus support and drivers
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Cd "spi* at mainbus?"
+.Cd "spi* at umcpmio?"
+.Pp
+Other attachments are machine-dependent and will depend on the bus topology
+of your system.
+See
+.Xr intro 4
+for your system for more information.
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+.Nx
+includes a machine dependent
+.Tn SPI
+(Serial Peripheral Interface) bus subsystem, and several different
+machine-independent
+.Tn SPI
+device drivers.
+.Pp
+Your system may support additional machine-dependent SPI devices.
+Consult your system's
+.Xr intro 4
+for additional information.
+.Pp
+.Tn SPI
+is a 4-wire synchronous full-duplex serial bus.
+Some systems provide support for
+.Tn Microwire ,
+which is
+.Tn Philips'
+name for a strict subset of SPI, with more rigidly defined signaling.
+Therefore,
+.Tn Microwire
+devices are also supported by the
+.Tn SPI
+framework.
+.Pp
+Note that when referencing
+.Tn SPI
+devices in a
+.Xr config 1
+file, the
+.Sq slave
+must be provided, as
+.Tn SPI
+lacks any way to automatically probe devices.
+.Sh IOCTLS
+The following
+.Xr ioctl 2
+calls apply to
+.Em SPI
+devices.
+They are defined in the header file
+.In dev/spi/spi_io.h :
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Dv SPI_IOCTL_CONFIGURE (spi_ioctl_configure_t)
+Used to choose the operational mode and clock.
+The
+.Li sic_mode
+defines polarity and phase of the clock.
+.Li sic_speed
+is the clock speed in Hz, a value of 0 means to keep the default speed
+of the device.
+.Bd -literal
+typedef struct spi_ioctl_configure {
+	int sic_addr;
+	int sic_mode;
+	int sic_speed;
+} spi_ioctl_configure_t;
+.Ed
+.It Dv SPI_IOCTL_TRANSFER (spi_ioctl_transfer_t)
+Used to handle an I/O transaction.
+.Bd -literal
+typedef struct spi_ioctl_transfer {
+	int sit_addr;
+	const void *sit_send;
+	size_t sit_sendlen;
+	void *sit_recv;
+	size_t sit_recvlen;
+} spi_ioctl_transfer_t;
+.Ed
+.El
+.Sh HARDWARE
+.Nx
+includes the following machine-independent
+.Tn SPI
+drivers:
+.Bl -tag -width mcp23s17gpio(4) -offset indent
+.It Xr bmx280thp 4
+Bosch BMP280 / BME280 sensor.
+.It Xr m25p 4
+STMicroelectronics M25P family of NOR flash devices.
+.It Xr mcp23s17gpio 4
+Microchip MCP23S17 16-bit GPIO chip.
+.It Xr mcp3kadc 4
+Microchip MCP3x0x SAR analog to digital converter.
+.It Xr mcp48x1dac 4
+Microchip MCP4801/MCP4811/MCP4821 digital to analog converter.
+.It Xr sc16is7xx 4
+NXP 16C450 like UART bridge
+.It Xr scmdspi 4
+SPI frontend for the Sparkfun Serial Controlled Motor Driver.
+.It Xr ssdfb 4
+OLED/PLED framebuffer modules.
+.It Xr tm121temp 4
+Texas Instruments TMP121 temperature sensor.
+.El
+.Sh FILES
+.Bl -tag -width "/dev/spiu" -compact
+.It /dev/spi Ns Ar u
+SPI device unit
+.Ar u
+file.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr spi 9
+.Sh HISTORY
+The machine-independent
+.Tn SPI
+framework was written by
+.An Garrett D'Amore
+for the
+Champaign-Urbana Community Wireless Network Project (CUWiN), and
+appeared in
+.Nx 4.0 .
+The
+.Xr ioctl 2
+interface allowing configuration from userspace appeared in
+.Nx 9.0 .