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authorJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-25 15:32:58 -0400
committerJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-25 15:32:58 -0400
commit5cb84ec742fd33f78c8022863fadaa8d0d93e176 (patch)
tree1a81ca3665e6153923e40db7b0d988f8573ab59c /static/netbsd/man4/isa.4
parenta59214f344567c037d5776879bcfc5fcc1d4d5f6 (diff)
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+.\" $NetBSD: isa.4,v 1.49 2021/03/11 18:16:50 nia Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1997 Jason R. Thorpe. All rights reserved.
+.\" Copyright (c) 1997 Jonathan Stone
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\" must display the following acknowledgements:
+.\" This product includes software developed by Jonathan Stone
+.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
+.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd October 25, 2019
+.Dt ISA 4
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm isa
+.Nd introduction to machine-independent ISA bus support and drivers
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+Attachments are machine-dependent and depend on the bus topology and
+.Tn ISA
+bus interface of your system.
+See
+.Xr intro 4
+for your system for details.
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+.Nx
+includes a machine-independent
+.Tn ISA
+bus subsystem and several machine-independent
+.Tn ISA
+device drivers.
+.Pp
+Your system may support additional
+.Tn ISA
+devices.
+Drivers for
+.Tn ISA
+devices not listed here are machine-dependent.
+Consult your system's
+.Xr intro 4
+for additional information.
+.Sh SUPPORTED DEVICES
+.Nx
+includes machine-independent
+.Tn ISA
+drivers, sorted by device type and driver name:
+.Ss SCSI interfaces
+.Bl -tag -width pcdisplay -offset indent
+.It Xr adv 4
+Advansys
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.It Xr aha 4
+Adaptec AHA-154x family (154xA, 154xB, 154xC, and 154xCF) and the
+BusLogic BT54x
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.It Xr ahc 4
+Adaptec 29xx, 39xx, and other AIC-7xxx-based
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.It Xr aic 4
+Adaptec AIC-6260 and Adaptec AIC-6360 based
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces, including
+the Adaptec 152x, SoundBlaster
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces, and a variety of compatibles.
+.It Xr bha 4
+BusLogic BT-445
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.It Xr dpt 4
+DPT SmartCache/SmartRAID III and IV
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.It Xr esp 4
+NCR 53C9x, Emulex ESP406, and Qlogic FAS408
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.It Xr nca 4
+NCR-5380/NCR-53C400
+.It Xr sea 4
+Seagate/Future Domain
+.Tn SCSI
+cards.
+ST01/02, Future Domain TMC-885, and Future Domain TMC-950.
+.It Xr uha 4
+Ultrastor 14f
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.It Xr wds 4
+WD-7000 family of bus-mastering
+.Tn SCSI
+interfaces.
+.El
+.Ss Disk and tape controllers
+.Bl -tag -width pcdisplay -offset indent
+.It Xr mcd 4
+Mitsumi CD-ROM drives.
+.It Xr wdc 4
+Standard Western Digital type hard drive controllers: MFM, RLL, ESDI,
+and IDE/ATAPI.
+.It Xr wt 4
+Wangtek and compatible QIC-02 and QIC-36 tape drives.
+.El
+.Ss Serial and parallel interfaces
+.Bl -tag -width pcdisplay -offset indent
+.It Xr ast 4
+Multi-port serial communications card first made by AST.
+.It Xr boca 4
+Boca BB100[48] and BB2016 multiplexing serial communications cards.
+.It Xr com 4
+NS8250-, NS16450-, and NS16550-based serial ports.
+.It Xr cy 4
+Cyclades Cyclom-4Y, -8Y, and -16Y asynchronous serial communications cards.
+.It Xr ioat 4
+.Tn BOCA Research
+IOAT66
+serial interfaces.
+.It Xr lpt 4
+Standard
+.Tn ISA
+parallel port interface.
+.It Xr rtfps 4
+IBM RT four-port serial interfaces.
+.It Xr tcom 4
+Byte Runner Technologies TC-400 and TC-800 series serial interfaces.
+.El
+.Ss Network interfaces
+.Bl -tag -width pcdisplay -offset indent
+.It Xr ai 4
+.Tn AT&T
+.Tn StarLan
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr ate 4
+Allied Telesis AT1700 series and RE2000 series
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr cs 4
+.Tn Cirrus Logic
+Crystal CS8900
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr ec 4
+3Com EtherLink II (3c503)
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr ef 4
+.Tn 3Com
+EtherLink II (3c507)
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr eg 4
+3Com EtherLink Plus (3c505)
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr el 4
+3Com EtherLink (3c501)
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr ep 4
+3Com EtherLink III (3c509)
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr fmv 4
+Fujitsu FMV-181 and FMV-182 interfaces.
+.It Xr ix 4
+Intel EtherExpress/16
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr iy 4
+Intel i82595-based
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces, including the EtherExpress Pro/10.
+.It Xr lc 4
+DEC EtherWORKS III
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces (DE203, DE204, and DE205).
+.It Xr le 4
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces based on the AMD LANCE chip,
+including BICC Isolan, Novell NE2100, Digital DEPCA, and PCnet-ISA.
+.It Xr ne 4
+Novel NE2000 and compatible
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr ntwoc 4
+SDL Communications Riscom/N2 synchronous serial interfaces.
+.It Xr sm 4
+SMC91C9x-based
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.It Xr we 4
+Western Digital/SMC 80x3, SMC Elite Ultra, and SMC EtherEZ
+.Tn Ethernet
+interfaces.
+.El
+.Ss Sound cards and MIDI interfaces
+.Bl -tag -width pcdisplay -offset indent
+.It Xr aria 4
+Sierra's Aria based sound cards.
+.It Xr cms 4
+Creative Music System.
+.It Xr ess 4
+ESS Technology AudioDrive 1788-, 1888-, 1887-, and 888-based sound cards.
+.It Xr gus 4
+Gravis Ultrasound sound cards.
+.It Xr mpu 4
+Roland MPU401 (and compatible) MIDI UARTs.
+.It Xr opl 4
+Yamaha OPL2 and OPL3 FM MIDI synthesizers.
+.It Xr pas 4
+ProAudio Spectrum sound cards.
+.It Xr sb 4
+SoundBlaster, SoundBlaster 16, and SoundBlaster Pro sound cards.
+.It Xr wss 4
+Windows Sound System-compatible sound cards based on the AD1848 and
+compatible chips.
+.El
+.Ss Miscellaneous devices
+.Bl -tag -width pcdisplay -offset indent
+.It Xr az 4
+Aztech/PackardBell radio card.
+.It Xr lm 4
+National Semiconductor LM78, LM79 and compatible hardware monitors.
+.It Xr nct 4
+Nuvoton NCT5104D SuperIO.
+.It Xr pcdisplay 4
+PC display adapters.
+.It Xr pcic 4
+.Tn PCI
+.Tn PCMCIA
+controllers, including the Cirrus Logic GD6729.
+.It Xr pckbc 4
+PC keyboard controllers.
+.It Xr pcppi 4
+PC control and timer ports.
+.It Xr pms 4
+PS/2 auxiliary port mice (including wheel mice).
+.It Xr rt 4
+AIMS Lab Radiotrack FM radio.
+.It Xr rtii 4
+AIMS Lab Radiotrack II FM radio.
+.It Xr sf2r 4
+SoundForte RadioLink SF16-FMR2 FM radio.
+.It Xr tcic 4
+Databook DB86082, DB86084, DB86184, and DB86072
+.Tn PCMCIA
+controllers.
+.It Xr vga 4
+VGA graphics boards.
+.It Xr wbsio 4
+Winbond LPC Super I/O.
+.El
+.Pp
+Note that some
+.Tn ISA
+devices also have newer
+.Tn ISA
+Plug-and-Play variants.
+These are listed in
+.Xr isapnp 4 .
+.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
+.Bl -diag
+.It "Stray interrupt on IRQ 7"
+It means the interrupt controller reported an unmasked interrupt on IRQ
+7, but no driver attached to that IRQ `claimed' it.
+.Pp
+There are two reasons this can happen:
+.Bl -bullet
+.It
+In anything other than i386, it would almost always mean that there is a
+driver attached to the IRQ, but it is the wrong driver.
+.It
+On i386, there is the more obscure issue of `default IRQ7's.
+That is, when a device asserts an IRQ, but the IRQ is deasserted
+after the PIC latches the interrupt and before the CPU acknowledges
+it, the PIC just flat out lies about which IRQ it was.
+It is usually due to a suboptimally coded driver.
+.El
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr intro 4 ,
+.Xr isapnp 4 ,
+.Xr isa 9
+.Sh HISTORY
+The machine-independent
+.Tn ISA
+subsystem appeared in
+.Nx 1.2 .