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+.\"	$NetBSD: chroot.2,v 1.25 2017/10/30 15:48:38 wiz Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     @(#)chroot.2	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
+.\"
+.Dd April 18, 2001
+.Dt CHROOT 2
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm chroot ,
+.Nm fchroot
+.Nd change root directory
+.Sh LIBRARY
+.Lb libc
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.In unistd.h
+.Ft int
+.Fn chroot "const char *dirname"
+.Ft int
+.Fn fchroot "int fd"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+.Fa dirname
+is the address of the pathname of a directory, terminated by an ASCII NUL.
+.Fn chroot
+causes
+.Fa dirname
+to become the root directory,
+that is, the starting point for path searches of pathnames
+beginning with
+.Ql / .
+.Pp
+In order for a directory to become the root directory
+a process must have execute (search) access for that directory.
+.Pp
+If the current working directory is not at or under the new root
+directory, it is silently set to the new root directory.
+It should be noted that, on most other systems,
+.Fn chroot
+has no effect on the process's current directory.
+.Pp
+This call is restricted to the super-user.
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn fchroot
+function performs the same operation on an open directory file
+known by the file descriptor
+.Fa fd .
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned.
+Otherwise, a value of \-1 is returned and
+.Va errno
+is set to indicate an error.
+.Sh ERRORS
+.Fn chroot
+will fail and the root directory will be unchanged if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er EACCES
+Search permission is denied for any component of the path name.
+.It Bq Er EFAULT
+.Fa dirname
+points outside the process's allocated address space.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.It Bq Er ELOOP
+Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
+.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
+A component of a pathname exceeded
+.Brq Dv NAME_MAX
+characters, or an entire path name exceeded
+.Brq Dv PATH_MAX
+characters.
+.It Bq Er ENOENT
+The named directory does not exist.
+.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
+A component of the path name is not a directory.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The effective user ID of the calling process is not the super-user.
+.El
+.Pp
+.Fn fchroot
+will fail and the root directory will be unchanged if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er EACCES
+Search permission is denied for the directory referenced
+by the file descriptor.
+.It Bq Er EBADF
+The argument
+.Fa fd
+is not a valid file descriptor.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
+The argument
+.Fa fd
+does not reference a directory.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The effective user ID of the calling process is not the super-user.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr chdir 2
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Fn chroot
+function conforms to
+.St -xsh5 ,
+with the restriction that the calling process' working directory must be at
+or under the new root directory.
+Otherwise, the working directory is silently set to the new root directory;
+this is an extension to the standard.
+.Pp
+.Fn chroot
+was declared a legacy interface, and subsequently removed in
+.St -p1003.1-2001 .
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Fn chroot
+function call appeared in
+.Bx 4.2 .
+Working directory handling was changed in
+.Nx 1.4
+to prevent one way a process could use a second
+.Fn chroot
+call to a different directory to "escape" from the restricted subtree.
+The
+.Fn fchroot
+function appeared in
+.Nx 1.4 .