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+.\"	$NetBSD: ipcs.1,v 1.22 2025/11/15 22:46:25 uwe Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1994 SigmaSoft, Th. Lockert
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd November 14, 2025
+.Dt IPCS 1
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm ipcs
+.Nd report System V interprocess communication facilities status
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm
+.Op Fl abcMmopQqSsTt
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Nm
+program provides information on System V interprocess communication
+.Pq Tn IPC
+facilities on the system.
+.Pp
+The options are as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width Fl
+.It Fl a
+Show the maximum amount of information possible when displaying active
+message queues, shared memory segments, and semaphores.
+This is shorthand for specifying the
+.Fl b ,
+.Fl c ,
+.Fl o ,
+.Fl p ,
+and
+.Fl t
+options.
+.It Fl b
+Show the maximum allowed sizes for active
+message queues, shared memory segments, and semaphores.
+The
+.Dq maximum allowed size
+is the maximum number of bytes in a message on a message queue,
+the size of a shared memory segment,
+or the number of semaphores in a set of semaphores.
+.It Fl c
+Show the creator's name and group for active
+message queues, shared memory segments, and semaphores.
+.It Fl M
+Display system information about shared memory.
+.It Fl m
+Display information about active shared memory segments.
+.It Fl o
+Show outstanding usage for active
+message queues, and shared memory segments.
+The
+.Dq outstanding usage
+is the number of messages in a message queue, or the number
+of processes attached to a shared memory segment.
+.It Fl p
+Show the
+.Tn PID
+information for active
+message queues, shared memory segments, and semaphores.
+The
+.Dq Tn PID No information
+is the last process to send a message to or receive a message from a
+message queue,
+the last process to attach to or detach a shared memory segment,
+or the process that created a semaphore.
+.It Fl Q
+Display system information about messages queues.
+.It Fl q
+Display information about active message queues.
+.It Fl S
+Display system information about semaphores.
+.It Fl s
+Display information about active semaphores.
+.It Fl T
+Display system information about
+message queues, shared memory segments, and semaphores.
+This is shorthand for specifying the
+.Fl M ,
+.Fl Q ,
+and
+.Fl S
+options.
+.It Fl t
+Show access times for active
+message queues, shared memory segments, and semaphores.
+The access times is the time of the last control operation on an
+.Tn IPC
+object,
+the last send or receive of a message,
+the last attach or detach of a shared memory segment,
+or the last operation on a semaphore.
+.El
+.Pp
+If none of the
+.Fl M ,
+.Fl m ,
+.Fl Q ,
+.Fl q ,
+.Fl S ,
+.Fl s ,
+or
+.Fl T
+options are specified, information about all active
+.Tn IPC
+facilities is listed.
+.Pp
+The output generated by
+.Nm
+if passed the
+.Fl M ,
+.Fl Q ,
+and
+.Fl S
+options is self-explanatory.
+For the other options, the output consists of a series
+of columns depending on the facility in question as
+well as which of the various supported flags were
+given.
+.Pp
+The meaning of each column as identified by the column
+heading is as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Sy WWWWWW"
+.It Sy T
+The type of facility, identified as:
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width Sy -offset indent -compact
+.It Sy m
+shared memory segment
+.It Sy s
+semaphore
+.It Sy q
+message queue
+.El
+.It Sy ID
+The identifier, suitable to be passed to, e.g.,
+.Xr ipcrm 1 .
+.It Sy KEY
+The key passed to, e.g.,
+.Xr msgget 2 ,
+.Xr semget 2 ,
+or
+.Xr shmget 2 ;
+often created using
+.Xr ftok 3 .
+.It Sy MODE
+A string of 11 characters representing the access mode
+and flags for the facility.
+.Pp
+On
+.Nx ,
+the first two characters are always
+.Ql \- .
+.Pp
+The remaining 9 characters are similar to typical file
+permissions in that three characters each refer to
+owner-, group-, and other permissions of the facility
+entry with the following meaning:
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width Sy -offset indent -compact
+.It Sy r
+read permission
+.It Sy w
+write permission
+.It Sy a
+alter permission
+.Pq the ability to change control information such as the owner or permissions
+.El
+.It Sy OWNER
+The user name
+.Po
+or, if no user name can be found,
+.Tn UID
+.Pc
+of the owner of the facility entry.
+.It Sy GROUP
+The group name
+.Po
+or, if no group name can be found,
+.Tn GID
+.Pc
+of the group owner of the facility entry.
+.It Sy CREATOR
+The user name
+.Po
+or, if no user name can be found,
+.Tn UID
+.Pc
+of the creator of the facility entry.
+.It Sy CGROUP
+The group name
+.Po
+or, if no group name can be found,
+.Tn GID
+.Pc
+of the creator group owner of the facility entry.
+.El
+.Pp
+Following this, the columns printed will differ for
+each of the facilities.
+.Pp
+Times are displayed as if with
+.Xr strftime 3
+.Ql %k:%M:%S
+format
+.Pq no leading zero for the hours value
+in the time zone described by the
+.Ev TZ
+environment variable or
+.Pa /etc/localtime .
+If no time is available for the given event, the
+string
+.Ql no-entry
+is used instead.
+.Ss Message Queues
+.Bl -tag -width ".Sy WWWWWW" -compact
+.It Sy CBYTES
+The total number of bytes left in the message queue.
+.It Sy QNUM
+The number of messages left in the message queue.
+.It Sy QBYTES
+The maximum number of bytes in the message queue.
+.It Sy LSPID
+The
+.Tn PID
+of the last process to send a message.
+.It Sy LRPID
+The
+.Tn PID
+of the last process to receive a message.
+.It Sy STIME
+The time of last
+.Xr msgsend 2 .
+.It Sy RTIME
+The time of last
+.Xr msgrcv 2 .
+.It Sy CTIME
+The time the message queue was created or last modified.
+.El
+.Ss Shared Memory
+.Bl -tag -width ".Sy WWWWWW" -compact
+.It Sy NATTCH
+The number of current attaches.
+.It Sy SEGSZ
+The size of the shared memory segment in bytes.
+.It Sy CPID
+The
+.Tn PID
+of the process that created the shared memory segment.
+.It Sy LPID
+The
+.Tn PID
+of the last shm operation.
+.It Sy ATIME
+The time of last
+.Xr shmat 2 .
+.It Sy DTIME
+The time of last
+.Xr shmdt 2 .
+.It Sy CTIME
+The time the shared memory segment was created
+or last modified.
+.El
+.Ss Semaphores
+.Bl -tag -width ".Sy WWWWWW" -compact
+.It Sy NSEMS
+The number of semaphores in the set.
+.It Sy OTIME
+The time of last
+.Xr semop 2 .
+.It Sy CTIME
+The time the semaphore set was created or last
+modified.
+.El
+.Sh CAVEATS
+System data structures may change while
+.Nm
+is running; the output of
+.Nm
+is not guaranteed to be consistent.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr ipcrm 1 ,
+.Xr msgctl 2 ,
+.Xr msgget 2 ,
+.Xr msgrcv 2 ,
+.Xr msgsnd 2 ,
+.Xr semctl 2 ,
+.Xr semget 2 ,
+.Xr semop 2 ,
+.Xr shmat 2 ,
+.Xr shmctl 2 ,
+.Xr shmdt 2 ,
+.Xr shmget 2 ,
+.Xr ftok 3
+.Sh AUTHORS
+.An Thorsten Lockert Aq Mt tholo@sigmasoft.com
+.Sh BUGS
+The first two characters of the
+.Sy MODE
+are always set to
+.Ql \-
+on
+.Nx .
+On other platforms, these characters may indicate
+additional state information about the given facility.