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authorJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-25 19:55:43 -0400
committerJacob McDonnell <jacob@jacobmcdonnell.com>2026-04-25 19:55:43 -0400
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+<table class="head">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="head-ltitle">HOSTS(5)</td>
+ <td class="head-vol">File Formats Manual</td>
+ <td class="head-rtitle">HOSTS(5)</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<div class="manual-text">
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">hosts</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">host name
+ data base</span></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">hosts</code> file contains information
+ regarding the known hosts on the network. It can be used in conjunction with
+ DNS, and the NIS maps `hosts.byaddr' and `hosts.byname', as controlled by
+ <a class="Xr">nsswitch.conf(5)</a>. For each host a single line should be
+ present with the following information:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent">
+<pre>Internet address
+official host name
+aliases</pre>
+</div>
+<p class="Pp">Items are separated by any number of blanks and/or tab characters.
+ A ``#'' indicates the beginning of a comment; characters up to the end of
+ the line are not interpreted by routines which search the file.</p>
+<p class="Pp">This file provides a backup used when the name server is not
+ running. For the name server, it is suggested that only a few addresses be
+ included in this file. These include addresses for the local interfaces that
+ <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a> needs at boot time and a few machines on the
+ local network.</p>
+<p class="Pp">Network addresses are specified in either the conventional ``.''
+ (dot) notation for IPv4 or colon hexadecimal notation for IPv6, as
+ understood by the <a class="Xr">inet_pton(3)</a> routine from the Internet
+ address manipulation library, <a class="Xr">inet(3)</a>. Host names may
+ contain any printable character other than a field delimiter, newline, or
+ comment character.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="FILES"><a class="permalink" href="#FILES">FILES</a></h1>
+<dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
+ <dt><span class="Pa">/etc/hosts</span></dt>
+ <dd>The <code class="Nm">hosts</code> file resides in
+ <span class="Pa">/etc</span>.</dd>
+</dl>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
+ ALSO</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">gethostbyname(3)</a>, <a class="Xr">inet(3)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">nsswitch.conf(5)</a>, <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">hosts</code> file format appeared in
+ <span class="Ux">4.1cBSD</span>.</p>
+</section>
+</div>
+<table class="foot">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="foot-date">September 15, 2022</td>
+ <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>