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Diffstat (limited to 'cmpen472_hw8McDonnell/bin/main.dbg')
| -rw-r--r-- | cmpen472_hw8McDonnell/bin/main.dbg | 576 |
1 files changed, 576 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/cmpen472_hw8McDonnell/bin/main.dbg b/cmpen472_hw8McDonnell/bin/main.dbg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e946a3c --- /dev/null +++ b/cmpen472_hw8McDonnell/bin/main.dbg @@ -0,0 +1,576 @@ +************************************************************************** +* +* Title: Calculator +* +* Objective: CMPEN 472 Homework 7 +* +* Revision: V1.0 +* +* Date: Mar. 7, 2025 +* +* Programmer: Jacob McDonnell +* +* Company: The Pennsylvania State University +* Department of Computer Science and Engineering +* +* Algorithm: Simple Serial I/O, address poking and modifying +* +* Register Use: A & B to current byte, etc, +* X & Y holds address of strings and length of string, +* D to hold data and address of the memory location to work on. +* +* Memory Use: RAM Locations from $3000 for data, +* RAM Locations from $3100 for program +* +* Input: Serial Port for User Input +* +* Output: Serial Port for String Output +* Memory locations changed if modified by user +* +* Observation: This program is a simple 16-bit calculator. The input can be +* any 4 digit positive decimal integer, the output can be negative. +* The +, -, *, and / operators are supported. Only two numbers at +* a time. +* +* Note: ON CSM-12C128 board, +* +* Comments: This program is developed and simulated using CodeWarrior +* development software and targeted for Axion +* Manufacturing's CSM-12C128 board running at 24MHz. +* +************************************************************************** +* Parameter Declearation Section +* +* Export Symbols + xdef pgstart ; export 'pgstart' symbol + absentry pgstart ; for assembly entry point + +* Symbols and Macros +PORTA equ $0000 ; i/o port A addresses +DDRA equ $0002 ; data direction register for PORTA +PORTB equ $0001 ; i/o port B addresses +DDRB equ $0003 ; data direction register for PORTB + +SCIBDH equ $00C8 ; Serial port (SCI) Baud Register H +SCIBDL equ $00C9 ; Serial port (SCI) Baud Register L +SCICR2 equ $00CB ; Serial port (SCI) Control Register 2 +SCISR1 equ $00CC ; Serial port (SCI) Status Register 1 +SCIDRL equ $00CF ; Serial port (SCI) Data Register + +CRGFLG EQU $0037 ; Clock and Reset Generator Flags +CRGINT EQU $0038 ; Clock and Reset Generator Interrupts +RTICTL EQU $003B ; Real Time Interrupt Control + +CR equ $0d ; carriage return, ASCII 'Return' key +LF equ $0a ; line feed, ASCII 'next line' character +NULL equ $00 ; NULL Terminator character + +************************************************************************** +* Data Section: address used [ $3000 to $30FF ] RAM Memory +* + org $3000 ; Reserved RAM memory starting address + ; for Data for CMPEN 472 class +buffer ds.b $0010 ; Array of 16 bytes to read a string + dc.b NULL ; NULL terminated +lenBuf dc.w $0010 ; Length of buffer array + +buffer2 ds.b $0010 ; Array of 16 bytes for reading and reversal + dc.b NULL ; NULL terminated +lenBuf2 dc.w $0010 ; length of buffer2 + +hours dc.w $0000 ; Buffer to hold the hours of the time + +minutes dc.w $0000 ; Buffer to hold the minutes of the time + +seconds dc.w $0000 ; Buffer to hold the seconds of the time + +operator dc.b $0 + +numBuf dc.b $0 + +* +* There is a section Data Section at the end of the file +************************************************************************** +* Interrupt Vector Section: address used [ $FFF0 to $FFFF ] RAM Memory +* + org $FFF0 ; Memory location for Interrupt vector section for simulator + dc.w rtiisr ; Real Time Interrupt vector +* +************************************************************************** +* Program Section: address used [ $3100 to $3FFF ] RAM Memory +* + org $3100 ; Program start address, in RAM +pgstart lds #$3100 ; initialize the stack pointer + + ldaa #%11110001 ; LED 1,2,3,4 at PORTB bit 4,5,6,7 + staa DDRB ; set PORTB bit 4,5,6,7 as output + + ldaa #$0C ; Enable SCI port Tx and Rx units + staa SCICR2 ; disable SCI interrupts + + ldd #$0001 ; Set SCI Baud Register = $0001 => 1.5M baud at 24MHz (for simulation) + std SCIBDH ; SCI port baud rate change + + ldx #msg ; Load the address of the welcome message into X + jsr WriteString ; Write the string to the serial console + + bset RTICTL,%00011001; set RTI: dev=10*(2**10)=2.555msec for C128 board + ; 4MHz quartz oscillator clock + bset CRGINT,%10000000; enable RTI interrupt + bset CRGFLG,%10000000; clear RTI IF (Interrupt Flag) + + cli ; Enable interrupts +mainLoop + bra mainLoop ; Loop back to mainLoop always + +************************************************************************** +* Subroutine Section: address used [ $3100 to $3FFF ] RAM Memory +* + +rtiisr bset CRGFLG,%10000000; Clear RTI Interrupt Flag + pshx ; Save X to the stack + pshd ; Save D to the stack + ldx seconds ; Load the seconds into X + inx ; Increment the seconds by 1 + stx seconds ; Save the new seconds to the location + cpx #60 ; Compare X to 60 + bne rtidone ; If X != 60, exit isr + ldx #0 ; Reset the seconds + stx seconds ; Save the new seconds to the location + ldx minutes ; load the minutes into X + inx ; Increment the minutes by 1 + stx minutes ; Save the updated minutes + cpx #60 ; Compare the minutes to 60 + bne rtidone ; If X != 60, exit isr + ldx #0 ; Reset the minutes + stx minutes ; Save the updated minutes + ldx hours ; Load the hours into X + inx ; Increment the hours by 1 + stx hours ; Save the updated hours + cpx #24 ; Compare the hours to 24 + bne rtidone ; If X != 24, exit the isr + ldx #0 ; Reset the hours + stx hours ; Save the updated hours +rtidone ldd hours ; Load the hours into D + ldy #buffer ; Load the address of buffer into Y + jsr PrintDecimalWord; Print the number to the serial + ldaa #':' ; Load the character ':' into A + jsr putchar ; Write the character to the serial + ldd minutes ; Load the minutes into D + ldy #buffer ; Load the address of buffer into Y + jsr PrintDecimalWord; Print the number to the serial + ldaa #':' ; Load the character ':' into A + jsr putchar ; Write the character to the serial + ldd seconds ; Load the seconds into D + ldy #buffer ; Load the address of buffer into Y + jsr PrintDecimalWord; Print the number to the serial + ldaa #CR ; Load the character CR into A + jsr putchar ; Write the character to the serial + ldaa #LF ; Load the character LF into A + jsr putchar ; Write the character to the serial + puld ; Restore D from the stack + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + RTI + +;************************************************************************* +; VerifyInput subroutine +; +; This subroutine will verify the user input is valid. +; +; Input: An address of a Null terminated string in register X. +; Output: If valid Zero bit = 0 in CCR, if invalid, Zero bit = 1 +; and the string is outputed up to the error on the serial +; console with an error message. +; Registers in use: X for the address of the string, A for reading characters. +; Y to count the number of digits in a number, & B to count the number of numbers +; Memory locations in use: Memory Address for serial line, address of the string, 1 byte for operator +; +; Comments: This subroutine will modify the user string if invalid. +; + +VerifyInput + pshy ; Save Y to the stack + pshd ; Save D to the stack + pshx ; Save X to the stack + clrb ; Set B to Zero + stab operator ; Clear operator + ldy #0 ; Load Zero into Y +vNumLoop ldaa 1,x+ ; Load character from X into A + cmpa #'9' ; Compare A to '9' + bhi vInvalid ; If A > '9', not valid string + cmpa #'0' ; Compare A to '0' + blt vIsOp ; If A < '0', check if operator + iny ; Increment Y by 1 to count numbers + cpy #4 ; Compare Y to 4 + bhi vInvalid ; If greater than 4, invalid + bra vNumLoop ; Loop back to check for more digits +vIsOp cmpa #'+' ; Compare A to '+' + beq vOp ; This is an operator + cmpa #'-' ; Compare A to '-' + beq vOp ; This is an operator + cmpa #'*' ; Compare A to '*' + beq vOp ; This is an operator + cmpa #'/' ; Compare A to '/' + beq vOp ; This is an operator + cmpa #NULL ; Compare A to NULL character + beq vEndOfLine ; Check if end of line +vInvalid clra ; Set A to zero + staa 0,X ; Write Null terminator to X + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + pshx ; Save X to the stack + jsr WriteString ; Write invalid string to serial console + ldaa #CR ; Load CR into A + jsr putchar ; Jump to putchar to write the character + ldaa #LF ; Load LF into A + jsr putchar ; Jump to putchar to write the character + ldx #invalidStr ; Load address of invalid string into X + jsr WriteString ; Write invalid string to serial console + ldaa #4 ; Load 4 into A to set zero bit + tap ; Transfer A to CCR + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + puld ; Restore D from the stack + puly ; Restore Y from the stack + rts ; Return to caller +vOp staa operator ; Store operator in operator buffer + ldaa -2,x ; Load previous character into A + cmpa #'0' ; Compare A to '0' + blt vInvalid ; Invalid string since previous is not number + cmpa #'9' ; Compare A to '9' + bhi vInvalid ; Invalid string since previous is not number + addb #1 ; Increment B by 1 + cmpb #1 ; Compare B to 1 + bhi vInvalid ; Invalid string since B > 1 and we have another operator + ldy #0 ; Set Y to 0 + bra vNumLoop ; Check for next number +vEndOfLine ldaa -2,x ; Load previous character into A + cmpa #'0' ; Compare A to '0' + blt vInvalid ; Invalid string since previous is not number + cmpa #'9' ; Compare A to '9' + bhi vInvalid ; Invalid string since previous is not number + ldaa operator ; Load operator character from buffer + beq vInvalid ; If operator buffer is zero, invalid + clra ; Set A to zero + tap ; Transfer A to CCR + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + puld ; Restore D from the stack + puly ; Restore Y from the stack + rts ; Return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; ReadDecimal subroutine +; +; This subroutine will read an ASCII string of a number in decimal and convert it to +; its value. +; +; Input: A memory address in register X. +; Output: The value of the number in the Y register, and any errors printed +; to the serial line. Zero bit is set if error occurs. +; Registers in use: X for the address of the contents and for a buffer while printing, +; D for multiplication, B for the character, Y for output value. +; Memory locations in use: Memory Address for serial line, address of the string +; +; Comments: This subroutine will return the value in the Y register, and if an error occurs, +; the Zero bit in the CCR will be set. +; + +ReadDecimal + pshd ; Save D to the stack + ldy #0 ; Clear Y register +dHLoop ldab 1,x+ ; Read Next character from X + beq dHDone ; If B == 0, exit loop + cmpb #'+' ; Compare B to '+' + beq dHDone ; If B == '+', end of number + cmpb #'-' ; Compare B to '-' + beq dHDone ; If B == '-', end of number + cmpb #'*' ; Compare B to '*' + beq dHDone ; If B == '+', end of number + cmpb #'/' ; Compare B to '/' + beq dHDone ; If B == '-', end of number + cmpb #' ' ; Compare B to space character + beq dHDone ; If B == ' ', exit loop + cmpb #'0' ; Compare B to '0' character + blt dHError ; If B < '0', bad address, exit loop + cmpb #'9' ; Compare B to '9' character + bhi dHError ; If B > '9', check if 'A'-'F' characters + subb #'0' ; Subtract '0' from B to get true value + pshb ; Save B to the stack + ldd #10 ; load 10 into D + emul ; Multiply Y and D + exg d,y ; Transfer data from D to Y + pulb ; Restore b from the stack + aby ; Add B to Y + bra dHLoop ; Branch always to rHLoop +dHDone clra ; clear A accumulator + tap ; Transfer A into CCR to clear zero bit + puld ; Restore D from the stack + rts ; Return to caller +dHError ldaa #4 ; Load 4 into A to set zero bit in CCR + tap ; Transfer A into CCR to set zero bit and warn error + puld ; Restore D from the stack + rts ; Return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; strrev subroutine +; +; This subroutine will reverse a string from one buffer into another. +; +; Input: Address of null terminated string in X, address of a large enough +; buffer in Y. +; Output: The string in X reversed in Y. +; Registers in use: X for the address of the string, Y for the address of the buffer, +; A to read characters from the string. +; Memory locations in use: Memory Address for serial line, address of the string & buffer +; +; Comments: This subroutine will not check that the output buffer is large enough, that +; is the job of the caller. +; + +strrev + pshx ; Save X to the stack + pshy ; Save Y to the stack + psha ; Save A to the stack +revLoop ldaa 1,y- ; Load Character from Y into A, decrement Y + beq revDone ; If Character is 0, exit loop + staa 1,x+ ; Save character in address in X, increment X + bra revLoop ; Loop back always + clra ; Set A to Zero +revDone staa 1,x+ ; Copy Null terminator into new string + pula ; Restore A from the stack + puly ; Restore Y from the stack + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + rts ; Return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; PrintDecimalWord subroutine +; +; This subroutine will print a given word of data to the serial in binary. +; +; Input: 1 word of data in register D, Buffer Address in Y +; Output: Decimal representation of the data on the serial console +; Registers in use: Y for the address of the buffer, X to count the number of bits +; written and for division, D for the input, A for characters. +; Memory locations in use: Memory addresses for serial, and operator to hold sign +; +; Comments: This subroutine requires serial to be setup and putchar subroutine. +; + +PrintDecimalWord + pshx ; Save X to the stack + pshy ; Save Y to the stack + pshd ; Save D (A:B) to the stack + cpd #0 ; Compare D to zero + beq dIsZero ; Branch to hIsZero + blt dIsNegative ; If D < 0, Jump to dIsNegative +dAfterNeg psha ; Save A to the stack + pshy ; Save Y to the stack + pshx ; Save x to the stack + ldaa #'0' ; Load the '0' character into A + ldx #buffer2 ; Load the address of buffer2 into X + ldy #5 ; Load 5 into Y + jsr memset ; Write '0' to the first 5 bytes in buffer2 + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + puly ; Restore Y from the stack + clra ; Set A to zero + staa 0,y ; Load Zero into Y for Null Terminator + pula ; Restore A from the stack +dPrintLoop ldx #10 ; Load 10 in X for division + idiv ; Divide D / 10 to get Hex Digit + cpx #0 ; Compare X to 0 + beq dCheck ; If X == 0, branch to check D is zero +dDNotZero addb #'0' ; Add '0' to B to get ASCII Character + stab 1,+y ; Save character from B to Y + exg X,D ; Swap values in X and D + bra dPrintLoop ; Loop to hPrintLoop +dCheck cpd #0 ; Compare D to 0 + bne dDNotZero ; If D != 0, branch back to hDNotZero +dPrintDone puld ; Restore D from the stack + pshd ; Save D to the stack + cpd #10 ; Compare D to 10 + bge dNoZero ; If D >= 10, jump to dNoZero + ldaa #'0' ; Load '0' character into A + staa 1,+y ; Load the '0' character in A to Y and increment Y +dNoZero ldaa operator ; Load operator into A to see if negative + cmpa #'-' ; Compare A to '-' + bne dNotNeg ; If A != '-', jump to dNotNeg + staa 1,+y ; Save '-' into buffer +dNotNeg ldx #buffer2 ; Load the address of buffer2 in X + jsr strrev ; Reverse string in Y in buffer in X + jsr WriteString ; Jump to write string to write the number + ldy lenBuf2 ; Load the length of buffer2 into Y + ldx #buffer2 ; Load the address of buffer2 into X + jsr Zeros ; Fill buffer2 with zeros + puld ; Restore D (A:B) from the stack + puly ; Restore Y from the stack + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + rts ; Return to caller +dIsZero ldaa #'0' ; Load '0' character into A + jsr putchar ; Print character to the screen + ldaa #'0' ; Load '0' character into A + jsr putchar ; Print character to the screen + puld ; Restore D (A:B) from the stack + puly ; Restore Y from the stack + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + rts ; Return to caller +dIsNegative psha ; Save A to the stack + ldaa #'-' ; Load '-' into A + staa operator ; Save '-' to operator buffer + pula ; Restore A from the stack + nega ; Two's complement of A + suba #1 ; Subtract 1 from A + negb ; Two'complement of B + subb #1 ; Subtract 1 from B + addd #1 ; Add 1 to D + bra dAfterNeg ; Jump back to dAfterNeg + +;************************************************************************* +; Zeros subroutine +; +; This subroutine will write zeros to every byte in a given array. +; +; Input: Address of an array in X and its length in Y +; Output: Zeros in every byte of an array. +; Registers in use: X for the address of the array, Y for the length, and A for 0 +; Memory locations in use: Memory Address of the array +; +; Comments: This subroutine requires serial to be setup and putchar subroutine. +; + +Zeros + psha ; Save A to the Stack + clra ; Clear A +zerosLoop staa 1,x+ ; Load A into byte at X + dbne y,zerosLoop ; Decrement Y and loop if Y != 0 + pula ; Restore A from the stack + rts ; Return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; memset subroutine +; +; This subroutine will write a given byte to every byte in a given array. +; +; Input: Address of an array in X and its length in Y, the byte in A +; Output: The given byte in every byte of an array. +; Registers in use: X for the address of the array, Y for the length, and A for the given byte +; Memory locations in use: Memory Address of the array +; +; Comments: This subroutine requires serial to be setup and putchar subroutine. +; + +memset + staa 1,x+ ; Load A into byte at X + dbne y,memset ; Decrement Y and loop if Y != 0 + rts ; Return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; WriteString subroutine +; +; This subroutine will write a given null terminated string to the serial. +; +; Input: Address of null terminated string in X +; Output: Null terminated string written to serial +; Registers in use: X for the address of the string and A for the current byte +; Memory locations in use: Memory Address for serial line, address of the string +; +; Comments: This subroutine requires serial to be setup and putchar subroutine. +; + +WriteString + psha ; Save A to the stack +writeLoop ldaa 1,x+ ; Load the byte at addr in X, then add 1 + beq doneWrite ; if A == 0, branch to doneWrite + jsr putchar ; Jump to putchar to write byte to serial + bra writeLoop ; branch always to writeLoop +doneWrite pula ; restore A from the stack + rts ; return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; ReadString subroutine +; +; This subroutine will read a string from the serial line to a given address. +; +; Input: Address of an array in X +; Output: Null terminated string in the given array +; Registers in use: X for the address of the string Y for the length of the string, +; and A for the current byte +; Memory locations in use: Memory Address for serial line, address of the string +; +; Comments: This subroutine requires serial to be setup and getchar subroutine. +; + +ReadString + psha ; Save accumulator A to the stack + pshy ; Save Y to the stack + pshx ; Save X to the stack +readLoop jsr getchar ; Jump to putchar to write byte to serial + beq readLoop ; While A == 0, loop + cmpa #CR ; If A == CR, exit loop + beq doneRead ; Branch to doneRead if A == CR + staa 1,x+ ; Save the byte to the addr in X, then add 1 + jsr putchar ; Write Character back to the terminal + dey ; Decrement Y by 1 + beq doneRead ; If Y == 0, no more room, stop reading + bra readLoop ; branch always to readLoop +doneRead ldaa #LF ; Load Line Feed into A + jsr putchar ; Write LF to terminal + pulx ; Restore X from the stack + pulY ; Restore Y from the stack + pula ; restore A from the stack + rts ; return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; putchar subroutine +; +; This subroutine writes a single byte to a serial line +; +; Input: A single ASCII byte in accumulator A +; Output: Sends one character to SCI port +; Registers in use: Accumulator A with input byte +; Memory locations in use: SCISR1 and SCIDRL status and data registers +; + +putchar brclr SCISR1,#%10000000,putchar ; wait for transmit buffer empty + staa SCIDRL ; send a character + rts ; Return to caller + +;************************************************************************* +; putchar subroutine +; +; This subroutine reads one byte from the SCI port +; +; Input: One byte from the SCI port +; Output: One byte in accumulator A +; Registers in use: Accumulator A for output byte +; Memory locations in use: SCISR1 and SCIDRL status and data registers +; + +getchar brclr SCISR1,#%00100000,getchar7 ; If no input on SCI port, return 0 + ldaa SCIDRL ; Read one byte from SCI port into A + rts ; Return to caller +getchar7 clra ; Set A to 0 + rts ; Return to caller + +* +************************************************************************** +* Data Section 2: address used [ $3100 to $3FFF ] RAM Memory +* + +invalidStr dc.b 'Invalid input format',CR,LF,NULL ; Invalid input error message + +prompt dc.b 'Ecalc> ',NULL ; Prompt string for calculator + +overflow dc.b 'Overflow Error',CR,LF,NULL ; Overflow error message + +; msg: this is the main option menu string +msg dc.b 'Rules for Calculator:',CR,LF + dc.b '1) Input positive decimal integer numbers only',CR,LF + dc.b '2) Input and output maximum four digit numbers only',CR,LF + dc.b '3) Valid operators are: +, -, *, and /',CR,LF + dc.b '4) Input number with leading zero is OK',CR,LF + dc.b '5) Input only two numbers and one operator in between, no spaces',CR,LF + dc.b '6) Show Ecalc> prompt and echo print user keystrokes unltil Return key',CR,LF + dc.b '7) Repeat print user input and print answer after the = sign',CR,LF + dc.b '8) In case of an invalid input format, repeat print the user input until the error character',CR,LF + dc.b '9) In case of an invalid input format, print error message on the next line: Invalid input format',CR,LF + dc.b '10) Keep 16bit internal binary number format, detect and flag overflow error',CR,LF + dc.b '11) Use integer division and truncate any fraction',CR,LF,NULL + |