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+.ds dQ /usr/lib/postscript
+.TH POSTMD 1 "DWB 3.2"
+.SH NAME
+.B postmd
+\- matrix display program for PostScript printers
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+\*(mBpostmd\f1
+.OP "" options []
+.OP "" files []
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.B postmd
+reads a series of floating point numbers from
+.IR files ,
+translates them into a PostScript gray scale image,
+and writes the results on the standard output.
+In a typical application the numbers might be
+the elements of a large matrix,
+written in row major order,
+while the printed image could help locate
+patterns in the matrix.
+If no
+.I files
+are specified, or if
+.OP \-
+is one of the input
+.IR files ,
+the standard input is read.
+The following
+.I options
+are understood:
+.TP 0.75i
+.OP \-b num
+Pack the bitmap in the output file using
+.I num
+byte patterns.
+A value of 0 turns off all packing of the output file.
+By default
+.I num
+is 6.
+.TP
+.OP \-c num
+Print
+.I num
+copies of each page.
+By default only one copy is printed.
+.TP
+.OP \-d dimen
+Sets the default matrix dimensions for all input
+.I files
+to
+.IR dimen .
+The
+.I dimen
+string can be given as rows or rows\^\(mu\^columns.
+If columns is omitted it will be set to rows.
+By default
+.B postmd
+assumes each matrix is square and sets the number of rows
+and columns to the square root of the number of elements in
+each input file.
+.TP
+.OP \-g list
+.I list
+is a comma- or space-separated string of integers, each lying between
+0 and 255 inclusive,
+that assigns PostScript gray scales to the regions of the real line
+selected by the
+.OP \-i
+option.
+255 corresponds to white and 0 to black.
+.B postmd
+assigns a default gray scale that omits white (i.e., 255) and gets
+darker as the regions move from left to right along the real line.
+.TP
+.OP \-i list
+.I list
+is a comma- or space-separated string of
+.I N
+floating point numbers that
+partition the real line into
+.RI 2 N +1
+regions.
+The
+.I list
+must be given in increasing numerical order.
+The partitions are used to map floating point numbers read from the input
+.I files
+into gray scale integers that are assigned automatically by
+.B postmd
+or arbitrarily selected using the
+.OP \-g
+option.
+The default interval
+.I list
+is ``\*(mB\-1,0,1\fP'' which partions the real line into 7 regions.
+.TP
+.OP \-m num
+Magnify each logical page by the factor
+.IR num .
+Pages are scaled uniformly about the origin,
+which by default is located at the center of
+each page.
+The default magnification is 1.0.
+.TP
+.OP \-n num
+Print
+.I num
+logical pages on each piece of paper,
+where
+.I num
+can be any positive integer.
+By default
+.I num
+is set to 1.
+.TP
+.OP \-o list
+Print pages whose numbers are given in the comma separated
+.IR list .
+The list contains single numbers
+.I N
+and ranges
+.IR N1\-\|N2 .
+A missing
+.I N1
+means the lowest numbered page, a missing
+.I N2
+means the highest.
+.TP
+.OP \-p mode
+Print
+.I files
+in either \*(mBportrait\fP or \*(mBlandscape\fP
+.IR mode .
+Only the first character of
+.I mode
+is significant.
+The default
+.I mode
+is \*(mBportrait\fP.
+.TP
+.OP \-w window
+.I window
+is a comma- or space-separated list of four positive integers that
+select the upper left and lower right corners of a submatrix from
+each of the input
+.IR files .
+Row and column indices start at 1 in the upper left corner and the
+numbers in the input
+.I files
+are assumed to be written in row major order.
+By default the entire matrix is displayed.
+.TP
+.OP \-x num
+Translate the origin
+.I num
+inches along the positive x axis.
+The default
+coordinate system has the origin fixed at the
+center of the page, with positive
+x to the right and positive y up the page.
+Positive
+.I num
+moves everything right.
+The default offset is 0 inches.
+.TP
+.OP \-y num
+Translate the origin
+.I num
+inches along the positive y axis.
+Positive
+.I num
+moves everything up the page.
+The default offset is 0.
+.TP
+.OP \-E name
+Set the character encoding for text fonts to
+.IR name .
+Requesting
+.I name
+means include file
+.MI \*(dQ/ name .enc \f1.
+A nonexistent encoding file is silently ignored.
+The default selects file
+.MR \*(dQ/Default.enc .
+.TP
+.OP \-L file
+Use
+.I file
+as the PostScript prologue.
+.br
+The default is
+.MR \*(dQ/postmd.ps .
+.PP
+Three options allow insertion of arbitrary PostScript
+at controlled points in the translation process:
+.TP 0.75i
+.OP \-C file
+Copy
+.I file
+to the output file;
+.I file
+must contain legitimate PostScript.
+.TP
+.OP \-P string
+Include
+.I string
+in the output file;
+.I string
+must be legitimate PostScript.
+.TP
+.OP \-R action
+Requests special
+.I action
+(e.g.,
+.MR manualfeed )
+on a per page or global basis.
+The
+.I action
+string can be given as
+.IR request ,
+.IM request : page\f1\|,
+or
+.IM request : page : file\f1\|.
+If
+.I page
+is omitted or given as 0, the request
+applies to all pages.
+If
+.I file
+is omitted, the request
+lookup is done in
+.MR \*(dQ/ps.requests .
+.PP
+Only one matrix is displayed on each logical page,
+and each of the input
+.I files
+must contain complete descriptions of exactly one matrix.
+Matrix elements are floating point numbers arranged in row major order in
+each input file.
+White space, including newlines, is not used to determine matrix
+dimensions.
+By default
+.B postmd
+assumes each matrix is square and sets the number of rows and columns
+to the square root of the number of elements in the input file.
+Supplying default dimensions on the command line using the
+.OP \-d
+option overrides this default behavior, and in that case the
+dimensions apply to all input
+.IR files .
+.PP
+An optional header can be supplied with each input file and is used
+to set the matrix dimensions, the partition of the real line, the gray scale
+map, and a window into the matrix.
+The header consists of keyword/value pairs, each on a separate line.
+It begins on the first line of each input file and ends with the
+first unrecognized string, which should be the first matrix element.
+Values set in the header take precedence, but only apply to the
+current input file.
+Recognized header keywords are
+.MR dimension ,
+.MR interval ,
+.MR grayscale ,
+and
+.MR window .
+The syntax of the value string that follows each keyword parallels what is
+accepted by the
+.OP \-d ,
+.OP \-i ,
+.OP \-g ,
+and
+.OP \-w
+options.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+For example, suppose
+.I file
+initially contains the 1000 numbers
+in a 20\(mu50 matrix.
+Then the command line:
+.EX
+postmd -d20x50 -i"-100 100" -g0,128,254,128,0 \f2file
+.EE
+and prepending the header,
+.EX
+dimension 20x50
+interval -100.0 .100e+3
+grayscale 0 128 254 128 0
+.EE
+to
+.I file
+and typing the command line:
+.EX
+postmd \f2file
+.EE
+produce exactly the same output.
+The interval list partitions the real line into five regions and
+the gray scale list maps numbers less than \-100 or greater than 100
+into 0 (i.e., black), numbers equal to \-100 or 100 into 128
+(i.e., 50 percent
+black), and numbers between \-100 and 100 into 254 (i.e., almost white).
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+A 0 exit status is returned if
+.I files
+were successfully processed.
+.SH WARNINGS
+The largest matrix that can be adequately displayed is a function
+of the interval and gray scale lists, the printer resolution,
+and the paper size.
+A 600\(mu600 matrix is an optimistic upper bound for a two element interval
+list (i.e. five regions) using 8.5\(mu11 inch paper on a 300 dpi printer.
+.PP
+Using white (i.e., 255) in a gray scale list is not recommended and will not
+show up in the legend and bar graph that
+.B postmd
+displays below each image.
+.SH FILES
+.MW \*(dQ/postmd.ps
+.br
+.MW \*(dQ/forms.ps
+.br
+.MW \*(dQ/ps.requests
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR dpost (1),
+.BR postdaisy (1),
+.BR postdmd (1),
+.BR postio (1),
+.BR postprint (1),
+.BR postreverse (1),
+.BR posttek (1),
+.BR psencoding (1)