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diff --git a/static/unix-v10/man7/map.7 b/static/unix-v10/man7/map.7 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..879bfb73 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/unix-v10/man7/map.7 @@ -0,0 +1,451 @@ +.TH MAP 7 +.CT 1 inst_info +.SH NAME +map \- draw maps on various projections +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B map +.I projection +[ +.I param ... +] +[ +.I option ... +] +.PP +.SH DESCRIPTION +.I Map +prepares on the standard output a +map suitable for display by any +plotting filter described in +.IR plot (1). +A menu of projections is produced in response to an unknown +.IR projection . +For the meanings of +.I params +pertinent to particular projections +see +.IR proj (3). +.PP +The default data for +.I map +are world shorelines. +Option +.B -f +accesses the higher-resolution World Data Bank II. +.TP +.BR -f " [ \fIfeature\fR ... ]" +Features are ranked 1 (default) to 4 from major to minor. +Higher-numbered ranks include all lower-numbered ones. +Features are +.RS +.TF country[1-3] +.TP +.BR shore [ 1 - 4 ] +seacoasts, lakes, and islands; in the absence of +.BR -m , +option +.B -f +automatically includes +.B shore1 +.TP +.BR ilake [ 1 - 2 ] +intermittent lakes +.TP +.BR river [ 1 - 4 ] +rivers +.TP +.BR iriver [ 1 - 3 ] +intermittent rivers +.TP +.BR canal [ 1 - 3 ] +.BR 3 =irrigation +canals +.TP +.BR glacier +.TP +.BR iceshelf [ 12 ] +.TP +.BR reef +.TP +.BR saltpan [ 12 ] +.TP +.BR country [ 1 - 3 ] +.BR 2 =disputed +boundaries, +.BR 3 =indefinite +boundaries +.TP +.BR state +states and provinces (US and Canada only) +.PD +.RE +.PP +In other options +coordinates are in degrees, with north latitude +and west longitude counted as positive. +.TP 0 +.BI -l " S N E W" +Set the southern and northern latitude +and the eastern and western longitude limits. +Missing arguments are filled out from the list +\-90, 90, \-180, 180. +.TP +.BI -k " S N E W +Set the scale as if for a map with limits +.B -l +.I "S N E W" +and no +.B -w +option. +.TP +.BI -o " lat lon rot" +Orient the map in a nonstandard position. +Imagine a transparent gridded sphere around the globe. +Turn the overlay about the North Pole +so that the Prime Meridian (longitude 0) +of the overlay coincides with meridian +.I lon +on the globe. +Then tilt the North Pole of the +overlay along its Prime Meridian to latitude +.I lat +on the globe. +Finally again turn the +overlay about its `North Pole' so +that its Prime Meridian coincides with the previous position +of meridian +.IR rot . +Project the map in +the standard form appropriate to the overlay, but presenting +information from the underlying globe. +Missing arguments are filled out from the list +90, 0, 0. +In the absence of +.BR \-o , +the orientation is 90, 0, +.I m, +where +.I m +is the middle of the longitude range. +.TP +.BI -w " S N E W" +Window the map by the specified latitudes +and longitudes in the tilted, rotated coordinate system. +Missing arguments are filled out from the list \-90, 90, \-180, 180. +(It is wise to give an encompassing +.B -l +option with +.BR -w . +Otherwise for small windows computing time +varies inversely with area!) +.TP +.BI -d " n" +For speed, plot only every +.IR n th +point. +.TP +.B -r +Reverse left and right +(good for star charts and inside-out views). +.br +.ns +.TP +.B -s1 +.br +.ns +.TP +.B -s2 +Superpose. Outputs for a +.B -s1 +map (no closing) and a +.B -s2 +map (no opening) may be concatenated. +.TP +.BI -g " dlat dlon res" +Grid spacings are +.I dlat, +.I dlon. +Zero spacing means no grid. +Missing +.I dlat +is taken to be zero. +Missing +.I dlon +is taken the same as +.IR dlat . +Grid lines are drawn to a resolution of +.I res +(2\(de or less by default). +In the absence of +.BR \-g , +grid spacing is 10\(de. +.TP +.BI -p " lat lon extent" +Position the point +.I lat, lon +at the center of a square plotting area. +Scale the map so that a side of the square is +.I extent +times the size of one degree of latitude +at the center. +By default maps are scaled and positioned +to fit within the plotting area. +An +.I extent +overrides option +.BR -k . +.TP +.BI -c " x y rot" +After all other positioning and scaling operations, +rotate the image +.I rot +degrees counterclockwise about the center +and move the center to position +.I x, y, +of the plotting area, whose nominal extent is +.RI \-1 \(<= x \(<= 1, +.RI \-1 \(<= y \(<= 1. +The map is clipped to this area. +Missing arguments are taken to be 0. +.TP +.BR -m " [ \fIfile\fP ... ]" +Use +map data from named files. +If no files are named, omit map data. +Files that cannot be found directly are looked up +a standard directory, which contains, in addition to the +data for +.BR -f , +.RS +.LP +.TF counties +.TP +.B world +World Data Bank I from CIA (default) +.TP +.B states +US map from Census Bureau +.TP +.B counties +US map from Census Bureau +.PD +.RE +.IP +The environment variables +.B MAP +and +.B MAPDIR +change the default +map and default directory. +.TP +.BI -b " \fR[ \fPlat1 lon1 lat2 lon2 \fR... ]" +Suppress the drawing of the normal boundary +(defined by options +.BR -l +and +.BR -w ). +Coordinates, if present, define the vertices of a +polygon to which the map is clipped. +If only two vertices are given, they are taken to be the +diagonal of a rectangle. +To draw the polygon, give its vertices as a +.B -u +track. +.TP +.BI -t " file ..." +The arguments name ASCII files that +contain lists of points, +given as latitude-longitude pairs in degrees. +If the first file is named +.LR - , +the standard input is taken instead. +The points of each list are plotted as connected `tracks'. +.IP +Points in a track file may be followed by label strings. +A label breaks the track. +A label may be prefixed by +\f5"\fR, +.LR : , +or +.L ! +and is terminated by a newline. +An unprefixed string or a string prefixed with +.L +" +is displayed at the designated point. +The first word of a +.L : +or +.L ! +string names a special symbol (see option +.BR -y ). +An optional numerical second word is a scale factor +for the size of the symbol, 1 by default. +A +.L : +symbol is aligned with its top to the north; a +.L ! +symbol is aligned vertically on the page. +.TP +.BI -u " file ..." +Same as +.BR -t , +except the tracks are +unbroken lines. +.RB ( -t +tracks are dot-dash lines.) +.TP +.BI -y " file +The +.I file +contains +.IR plot (5)-style +data for +.L : +or +.L ! +labels in +.B -t +or +.B -u +files. +Each symbol is defined by a comment +.BI : name +then a sequence of +.L m +and +.L v +commands. +Coordinates (0,0) fall on the plotting point. +Default scaling is as if the nominal plotting range were +.LR "ra -1 -1 1 1" ; +.L ra +commands in +.I file +change the scaling. +.SH EXAMPLES +.TP +.L +map perspective 1.025 -o 40.75 74 +A view looking down on New York from 100 miles +(0.025 of the 4000-mile earth radius). +The job can be done faster by limiting the map so as not to `plot' +the invisible part of the world: +.LR "map perspective 1.025 -o 40.75 74 -l 20 60 30 100". +A circular border can be forced by adding option +.LR "-w 77.33" . +(Latitude 77.33\(de falls just inside a polar cap of +opening angle arccos(1/1.025) = 12.6804\(de.) +.TP +.L +map mercator -o 49.25 -106 180 +A map whose `equator' is a great circle pasing east-west +through New York. +The pole of the map is placed 90\(de away (40.75+49.25=90) +on the +other side of the earth. +A 180\(de twist around the pole of the map arranges that the +Prime Meridian of the map runs from the pole of the +map over the North Pole to New York +instead of down the back side of the earth. +The same effect can be had from +.L +map mercator -o 130.75 74 +.TP +.L +map albers 28 45 -l 20 50 60 130 -m states +A customary curved-latitude map of the United States. +.TP +.L +map albers 28 45 -l 20 50 60 130 -y yfile -t tfile +An example of tracks, labels, and symbols. +Arrows at New York and Miami are 8% and 12% +as long as the map is wide. +The contents of +.L yfile +and +.L tfile +are +.nf +.ft L +.ta 3i +ra -50 -50 50 50 25.77 80.20 :arrow 12 +:arrow 25.77 80.20 Miami +m -1 0 25.77 80.20 +v 0 0 35.00 74.02 +v -.6 .3 40.67 74.02 !arrow 8 +m -.6 -.3 40.67 74.02 " New York +v 0 0 34.05 118.25 Los Angeles +.ft +.TP +.L +map harrison 2 30 -l -90 90 120 240 -o 90 0 0 +A fan view covering 60\(de on either +side of the Date Line, as seen from one earth radius +above the North Pole gazing at the +earth's limb, which is 30\(de off vertical. +Option +.B -o +overrides the default +.BR "-o 90 0 180" , +which would rotate +the scene to behind the observer. +.SH FILES +All files in directory $MAPDIR +.TF counties +.TP +.F [1-4]?? +World Data Bank II for option +.B -f +.TP +.BR world , states , counties +default and other maps for option +.B -m +.TP +.F *.x +map indexes +.TP +.F map +the program proper +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IR map (5), +.IR proj (3), +.IR plot (1) +.SH DIAGNOSTICS +`Map seems to be empty'\(ema coarse survey found +zero extent within the +.B -l +and +.BR -w +bounds; for maps of limited extent +the grid resolution, +.I res, +or the limits may have to be refined. +.SH BUGS +The syntax of range specifications in +.B -y +files differs from that in options. +.br +Windows (option +.BR -w ) +cannot cross the Date Line. +.br +No borders appear along edges arising from +visibility limits. +.br +Segments that cross a border are dropped, not clipped. +.br +Certain very long line segments are dropped on the assumption +that they were intended to go the other way around the world. +.br +Automatic scaling may miss the extreme points of +peculiarly shaped maps; use option +.B -p +to recover. +.br +Although +.I map +draws grid lines dotted and +.B -t +tracks dot-dashed, many plotting filters +cannot cope and make them solid. |