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+.TH LANGS 1
+.CT 1 prog_other
+.SH NAME
+altran, cospan, esterel, icon, lisp, macsyma, maple, ops5, pascal, ratfor, S, smp, sno, spitbol, struct, twig \- languages
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B altran
+[
+.I option ...
+]
+.I file ...
+.br
+.B cospan
+[
+.I option ...
+]
+file
+.nf
+.B esterel
+.B iconc
+.B icont
+.B lisp
+.B /usr/lbin/macsyma
+.B maple
+.B /usr/lbin/ops5
+.fi
+.B ratfor
+[
+.I option ...
+]
+.I file ...
+.br
+.B S
+.br
+.B smp
+.br
+.B sno
+[
+.I file ...
+]
+.br
+.B spitbol
+[
+.I option ...
+]
+.I file ...
+.br
+.B struct
+[
+.I option ...
+]
+.I file ...
+.br
+.B twig
+[
+.BI -w xx
+]
+.I file
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I Altran,
+a language for rational algebra, is
+described in W. S. Brown,
+.I ALTRAN User's Manual.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man altran" .
+.PP
+.I Cospan,
+a system which analyzes concurrent programs written in the data-flow
+language S/R for properties defined by automata, is
+described in
+Z. Har'El and R. P. Kurshan,
+.I COSPAN User's Guide,
+1121-871009-21TM, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1987.
+For more information, execute
+.LR "man cospan" .
+.PP
+.I Esterel
+compiles single-process implementations of
+programs expressed in terms of asynchronously cooperating
+automata.
+For more information, execute
+.LR "man esterel" .
+.PP
+.I Icon,
+a general-purpose language with
+stream-based coroutines is described in R. E. Griswold,
+.I The Icon Programming Language,
+Prentice-Hall, 1983.
+For more information, execute
+.LR "man icont" .
+.PP
+.I Lisp,
+the symbol manipulation language, is described in
+J. K. Foderara,
+`The Franz Lisp Manual', in
+Unix Programmer's Manual, Seventh Edition, Virtual VAX-11 Version,
+1980, Volume 2C
+(Berkeley)
+.PP
+.I  Macsyma,
+another symbolic algebra language,
+is described in
+.I Macsyma Reference Manual,
+Laboratory for Computer Science, MIT, 1977.
+It breaks if the environment contains shell functions.
+.PP
+.I Maple, 
+a third symbolic algebra language,
+is described in K. O. Geddes, G. H. Gonnet, and B. W. Char,
+.I MAPLE User's Manual, Third Edition,
+Research Report CS-83-41
+Dept. of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 1983.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man maple" .
+.PP
+.I Ops5
+is a production-system interpreter
+described in
+C. L. Forgy
+.IR "OPS5 User's Manual" ,
+Department of Computer Science,
+Carnegie-Mellon University,
+July, 1981.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man ops5" .
+.PP
+.I Pascal
+is an interpreter and
+.I pc
+is a compiler for the well known language.
+For more information, type
+.LR "man pascal pc pxp" .
+.PP
+.I Ratfor
+accepts Fortran extended with C-like control
+constructs and compiles into Fortran.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man ratfor" .
+For a full description see B. W. Kernighan and P. J. Plauger,
+.I Software Tools,
+Addison-Wesley, 1976.
+.PP
+.I S,
+a system for data analysis and graphics,
+is described in
+R. A. Becker, J. M. Chambers, and A. R. Wilks,
+.I
+The New S Language,
+Wadsworth, 1988.
+.PP
+.I Smp,
+a fourth symbolic algebra language,
+is described in C. Cole and S. Wolfram,
+.I SMP Handbook,
+California Institute of Technology, 1981.
+.PP
+.I Sno
+is a dialect of Snobol 3.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man sno" .
+.PP
+.I Spitbol
+is a dialect of Snobol 4.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man spitbol" .
+The full story is in
+R. B. K. Dewar, A. P. McCann, R. E. Goldberg,
+and S. G. Duff,
+.I Macro SPITBOL Program Reference Manual,
+and R. E. Griswold, J. F. Poage, and I. P. Polonsky,
+.I The SNOBOL4 Programming Language
+Academic Press, 1968.
+.PP
+.I Struct,
+an inverse of 
+.I ratfor,
+deduces rational control structure from pure Fortran.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man struct" .
+.PP
+.I Twig
+is a language for tree manipulation, 
+useful for code generation and other applications.
+For more information execute
+.LR "man twig" .
+See also S. W. K. Tjiang,
+.I Twig Reference Manual,
+AT&T Bell Laboratories Computing Science Technical Report 120.
+.SH BUGS
+These language processors are available on a haphazard
+collection of machines. 
+Many are maintained in the same spirit.