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diff --git a/static/plan9-4e/man1/2l.1 b/static/plan9-4e/man1/2l.1 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3fb70e74 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/plan9-4e/man1/2l.1 @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ +.TH 2L 1 +.SH NAME +0l, 1l, 2l, 4l, 5l, 6l, 7l, 8l, 9l, kl, ql, vl, xl \- loaders +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B 2l +[ +.I option ... +] +[ +.I file ... +] +.br +etc. +.SH DESCRIPTION +These commands +load the named +.I files +into executable files for the corresponding architectures; see +.IR 2c (1) +for the correspondence between an architecture and the character +.RB ( 0 , +.RB 1 , +etc.) that specifies it. +The files should be object files or libraries (archives of object files) +for the appropriate architecture. +Also, a name like +.BI -l ext +represents the library +.BI lib ext .a +in +.BR /$objtype/lib , +where +.I objtype +is one of +.BR 68000 , +etc. as listed in +.IR 2c (1). +The libraries must have tables of contents +(see +.IR ar (1)). +.PP +In practice, +.B -l +options are rarely necessary as the header files for +the libraries cause their archives to be included automatically in the load +(see +.IR 2c (1)). +For example, any program that includes header file +.B libc.h +causes the loader +to search the C library +.BR /$objtype/lib/libc.a . +Also, the loader creates an undefined symbol +.B _main +(or +.B _mainp +if profiling is enabled) to force loading of the +startup linkage from the C library. +.PP +The order of search to resolve undefined symbols is to load all files and libraries +mentioned explicitly on the command line, and then to resolve remaining symbols +by searching in topological order +libraries mentioned in header files included by files already loaded. +When scanning such libraries, the algorithm is to scan each library repeatedly until +no new undefined symbols are picked up, then to start on the next library. Thus if library +.I A +needs +.I B +which needs +.I A +again, it may be necessary to mention +.I A +explicitly so it will be read a second time. +.PP +The loader options are: +.TP 1i +.B -l +(As a bare option.) +Suppress the default loading of the startup linkage and libraries +specified by header files. +.TP +.BI -o " out" +Place output in file +.IR out . +Default is +.IB O .out\f1, +where +.I O +is the first letter of the loader name. +.TP +.B -p +Insert profiling code into the executable output; no special action is needed +during compilation or assembly. +.TP +.B -s +Strip the symbol tables from the output file. +.TP +.B -a +Print the object code in assembly language, with addresses. +.TP +.B -v +Print debugging output that annotates the activities of the load. +.TP +.BI -c function +.RI ( Xl +only) Place the +.I function +in the internal RAM of the DSP3210. +.TP +.BI -M +.RI ( Kl +only) Generate instructions rather than calls to emulation routines +for multiply and divide. +.TP +.BI -m size +.RI ( Xl +only) Use +.I size +(default 0, maximum 8192) +bytes of internal RAM of the DSP3210 for functions and small data items. +.TP +.BI -E symbol +The entry point for the binary is +.I symbol +(default +.BR _main ; +.B _mainp +under +.BR -p ). +.TP +.BI -H n +Executable header is type +.IR n . +The meaning of the types is architecture-dependent; typically +type 1 is Plan 9 boot format and type 2 is the +regular Plan 9 format, the default. These are reversed on the MIPS. +The Next boot format is 3. Type 4 in +.I vl +creates a MIPS executable for an SGI Unix system. +.TP +.BI -T t +The text segment starts at address +.IR t . +.TP +.BI -D d +The data segment starts at address +.IR d . +.TP +.BI -R r +The text segment is rounded to a multiple of +.I r +(if +.I r +is nonzero). +.PP +The numbers in the above options can begin with +.L 0x +or +.L 0 +to change the default base from decimal to hexadecimal or octal. +The defaults for the values depend on the compiler and the +header type. +.PP +The loaded image has several symbols inserted by the loader: +.B etext +is the address of the end of the text segment; +.B bdata +is the address of the beginning of the data segment; +.B edata +is the address of the end of the data segment; +and +.B end +is the address of the end of the bss segment, and of the program. +.SH FILES +.TF /$objtype/lib +.TP +.B /$objtype/lib +for +.BI -l lib +arguments. +.SH SOURCE +.B /sys/src/cmd/2l +etc. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IR 2c (1), +.IR 2a (1), +.IR ar (1), +.IR nm (1), +.IR db (1), +.IR prof (1) +.PP +Rob Pike, +``How to Use the Plan 9 C Compiler'' |