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+<table class="head">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="head-ltitle">HOSTNAME(7)</td>
+ <td class="head-vol">Miscellaneous Information Manual</td>
+ <td class="head-rtitle">HOSTNAME(7)</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<div class="manual-text">
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">hostname</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">host
+ name resolution description</span></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">Hostnames are domains, where a domain is a hierarchical,
+ dot-separated list of subdomains; for example, the machine monet, in the
+ Berkeley subdomain of the EDU subdomain of the Internet would be represented
+ as</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<div class="Bd Bd-indent"><code class="Li">monet.Berkeley.EDU</code></div>
+<p class="Pp">(with no trailing dot).</p>
+<p class="Pp">Hostnames are often used with network client and server programs,
+ which must generally translate the name to an address for use. (This
+ function is generally performed by the library routine
+ <a class="Xr">gethostbyname(3)</a>.) Hostnames are resolved by the Internet
+ name resolver in the following fashion.</p>
+<p class="Pp">If the name consists of a single component, i.e., contains no dot,
+ and if the environment variable
+ &#x201C;<code class="Ev">HOSTALIASES</code>&#x201D; is set to the name of a
+ file, that file is searched for any string matching the input hostname. The
+ file should consist of lines made up of two white-space separated strings,
+ the first of which is the hostname alias, and the second of which is the
+ complete hostname to be substituted for that alias. If a case-insensitive
+ match is found between the hostname to be resolved and the first field of a
+ line in the file, the substituted name is looked up with no further
+ processing.</p>
+<p class="Pp">If the input name ends with a trailing dot, the trailing dot is
+ removed, and the remaining name is looked up with no further processing.</p>
+<p class="Pp">If the input name does not end with a trailing dot, it is looked
+ up by searching through a list of domains until a match is found. The
+ default search list includes first the local domain, then its parent domains
+ with at least 2 name components (longest first). For example, in the domain
+ CS.Berkeley.EDU, the name lithium.CChem will be checked first as
+ lithium.CChem.CS.Berkeley.EDU and then as lithium.CChem.Berkeley.EDU.
+ Lithium.CChem.EDU will not be tried, as there is only one component
+ remaining from the local domain. The search path can be changed from the
+ default by a system-wide configuration file (see
+ <a class="Xr">resolver(5)</a>).</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
+ ALSO</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">gethostbyname(3)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">resolver(5)</a></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">Hostname</code> appeared in
+ <span class="Ux">4.2BSD</span>.</p>
+</section>
+</div>
+<table class="foot">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="foot-date">December 25, 2013</td>
+ <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>