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+.\"
+.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+.\"
+.\" $NetBSD: uaudio.4,v 1.15 2002/02/12 19:53:57 jdolecek Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1999 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
+.\" by Lennart Augustsson.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
+.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
+.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd July 17, 2025
+.Dt SND_UAUDIO 4
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm snd_uaudio
+.Nd USB audio and MIDI device driver
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Cd "device sound"
+.Cd "device usb"
+.Cd "device snd_uaudio"
+.Pp
+In
+.Xr rc.conf 5 :
+.Cd kld_list="snd_uaudio"
+.Pp
+In
+.Xr sysctl.conf 5 :
+.Cd hw.usb.uaudio.buffer_ms
+.Cd hw.usb.uaudio.default_bits
+.Cd hw.usb.uaudio.default_channels
+.Cd hw.usb.uaudio.default_rate
+.Cd hw.usb.uaudio.handle_hid
+.Cd hw.usb.uaudio.debug
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+A USB audio device consists of a number of components: input terminals (e.g.\&
+USB digital input), output terminals (e.g.\& speakers), and a number of units
+in between (e.g.\& volume control).
+.Pp
+If the device supports multiple configurations, and there have been no
+user-supplied values specified through the
+.Xr sysctl 8
+interface, the driver will select the best matching configuration supported by
+the device during attach.
+"Best" means the configuration with the most channels and highest quality in
+sample rate and sample size.
+.Pp
+Refer to the
+.Ql USB Audio Class Specification
+for more information.
+.Sh HARDWARE
+The
+.Nm
+driver provides support for USB audio class devices and
+USB MIDI class devices.
+.Sh SYSCTL VARIABLES
+The following settings can be entered at the
+.Xr loader 8
+prompt or in
+.Xr loader.conf 5
+and can also be changed at runtime with the
+.Xr sysctl 8
+command.
+For a change to take effect during runtime, the device has to be re-attached.
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Va hw.usb.uaudio.buffer_ms
+Period of audio data processed at once, in milliseconds, from 1 to 8 (default
+is 4).
+Lower values mean less latency, but this can result in audible gaps due to
+frequent CPU wakeups.
+.It Va hw.usb.uaudio.default_bits
+Preferred sample size in bits, from 0 to 32 (default is 0).
+A value of 0 sets the sample size to the maximum supported sample size.
+.Pp
+Set this to select a smaller sample size if the device supports multiple sample
+sizes.
+.It Va hw.usb.uaudio.default_channels
+Preferred number of sample channels, from 0 to 64 (default is 0).
+USB 1.1 devices are limited to 4 channels due to bandwidth constraints, unless
+a higher value is explicitly requested.
+A value of 0 sets the sample channels to the maximum supported channel number.
+.Pp
+Set this to select a smaller channel number if the device supports multiple
+channel configurations.
+.It Va hw.usb.uaudio.default_rate
+Preferred sample rate in Hz (default is 0).
+If set to 0, the device's highest supported sample rate will be used.
+.Pp
+Note that if VCHANs are enabled, the sample rate will be overridden by
+.Pa dev.pcm.%d.[play|rec].vchanrate
+(see
+.Xr sound 4 ) ,
+which can also be used to adjust the sample rate during runtime.
+.Pp
+If
+.Pa hw.usb.uaudio.default_rate
+is non-zero,
+.Pa dev.pcm.%d.[play|rec].vchanrate
+will use it as its maximum allowed value.
+.It Va hw.usb.uaudio.handle_hid
+Let
+.Nm
+handle HID volume keys, if any (default is 1).
+.Bl -tag -width 2n
+.It 0
+Disabled.
+.It 1
+Enabled.
+.El
+.El
+.Pp
+If
+.Xr usb 4
+has been compiled with
+.Va USB_DEBUG
+on, the following setting is also available:
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Va hw.usb.uaudio.debug
+Debug output level (default is 0).
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr sound 4 ,
+.Xr usb 4 ,
+.Xr loader.conf 5 ,
+.Xr loader 8 ,
+.Xr sysctl 8
+.Rs
+.%T "USB Audio Class Specifications"
+.%U http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/devclass_docs/
+.Re
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Nm
+driver first appeared in
+.Fx 4.7 .
+.Sh AUTHORS
+This manual page was adopted from
+.Nx 1.6
+and modified for
+.Fx
+by
+.An Hiten Pandya Aq Mt hmp@FreeBSD.org .
+.Sh BUGS
+The PCM framework in
+.Fx
+currently does not support the full set of USB audio mixer controls.
+Some mixer controls are only available as
+.Va dev.pcm.%d.mixer
+sysctls.