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+<table class="head">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="head-ltitle">OTUS(4)</td>
+ <td class="head-vol">Device Drivers Manual</td>
+ <td class="head-rtitle">OTUS(4)</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<div class="manual-text">
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="NAME"><a class="permalink" href="#NAME">NAME</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><code class="Nm">otus</code> &#x2014; <span class="Nd">Atheros
+ AR9170 USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n wireless network driver</span></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SYNOPSIS"><a class="permalink" href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines
+ in your kernel configuration file:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent"><code class="Cd">device ehci</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device uhci</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device ohci</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device usb</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device otus</code>
+<br/>
+<code class="Cd">device wlan</code></div>
+<p class="Pp">Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place
+ the following line in <a class="Xr">loader.conf(5)</a>:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
+<pre>if_otus_load=&quot;YES&quot;</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DESCRIPTION"><a class="permalink" href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver supports USB 2.0 wireless
+ network devices based on the Atheros AR9170 chipset.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The Atheros AR9170 is a draft-802.11n adapter that uses an
+ external radio to operate in either 2.4GHz only or 2.4GHz and 5GHz.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The AR9101 radio supports 1T1R operation in 2GHz only.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The AR9102 radio supports 2T2R operation in 2GHz only.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The AR9104 radio supports 2T2R operation both 2GHz and 5GHz.</p>
+<p class="Pp">These are the modes the <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver can
+ operate in:</p>
+<dl class="Bl-tag">
+ <dt id="infrastructure">BSS mode</dt>
+ <dd>Also known as
+ <a class="permalink" href="#infrastructure"><i class="Em">infrastructure</i></a>
+ mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which
+ all traffic passes. This mode is the default.</dd>
+</dl>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver can be configured to use
+ Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and
+ WPA2-PSK). WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. It
+ is strongly recommended that WEP not be used as the sole mechanism to secure
+ wireless communication, due to serious weaknesses in it.</p>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver can be configured at
+ runtime with <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a>.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HARDWARE"><a class="permalink" href="#HARDWARE">HARDWARE</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver provides support for
+ Atheros AR9170 USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless network adapters,
+ including:</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<ul class="Bl-bullet Bd-indent Bl-compact">
+ <li>3Com 3CRUSBN275</li>
+ <li>Arcadyan WN7512</li>
+ <li>CACE AirPcap Nx</li>
+ <li>D-Link DWA-130 rev D1</li>
+ <li>D-Link DWA-160 rev A1</li>
+ <li>D-Link DWA-160 rev A2</li>
+ <li>IO-Data WN-GDN/US2</li>
+ <li>NEC Aterm WL300NU-G</li>
+ <li>Netgear WNDA3100</li>
+ <li>Netgear WN111 v2</li>
+ <li>Planex GW-US300</li>
+ <li>SMC Networks SMCWUSB-N2</li>
+ <li>TP-Link TL-WN821N v1, v2</li>
+ <li>Ubiquiti SR71 USB</li>
+ <li>Unex DNUA-81</li>
+ <li>Z-Com UB81</li>
+ <li>Z-Com UB82</li>
+ <li>ZyXEL NWD-271N</li>
+</ul>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="FILES"><a class="permalink" href="#FILES">FILES</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The driver needs at least version 1.0 of the following firmware
+ files, which is loaded when an interface is attached:</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<div class="Bd-indent">
+<dl class="Bl-tag Bl-compact">
+ <dt><span class="Pa">/boot/kernel/otusfw-init.ko</span></dt>
+ <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
+ <dt><span class="Pa">/boot/kernel/otusfw-main.ko</span></dt>
+ <dd style="width: auto;">&#x00A0;</dd>
+</dl>
+</div>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="EXAMPLES"><a class="permalink" href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access
+ point):</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<div class="Bd Bd-indent"><code class="Li">ifconfig wlan create wlandev otus0
+ inet 192.0.2.20/24</code></div>
+<p class="Pp">Join a specific BSS network with network name
+ <var class="Ar">my_net</var>:</p>
+<p class="Pp"></p>
+<div class="Bd Bd-indent"><code class="Li">ifconfig wlan create wlandev otus0
+ ssid my_net up</code></div>
+<p class="Pp">Join a specific BSS network with 64-bit WEP encryption:</p>
+<div class="Bd Pp Bd-indent Li">
+<pre>ifconfig wlan create wlandev otus0 ssid my_net \
+ wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 up</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="DIAGNOSTICS"><a class="permalink" href="#DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></h1>
+<dl class="Bl-diag">
+ <dt>%s: failed load firmware of file otusfw-main</dt>
+ <dd>For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the
+ filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted.</dd>
+</dl>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="SEE_ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE_ALSO">SEE
+ ALSO</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp"><a class="Xr">intro(1)</a>, <a class="Xr">netintro(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">otusfw(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">usb(4)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">wlan(4)</a>, <a class="Xr">arp(8)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">hostapd(8)</a>, <a class="Xr">ifconfig(8)</a>,
+ <a class="Xr">wpa_supplicant(8)</a></p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="HISTORY"><a class="permalink" href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver first appeared in
+ <span class="Ux">OpenBSD 4.6</span> and <span class="Ux">FreeBSD
+ 11</span>.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="AUTHORS"><a class="permalink" href="#AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver was written by
+ <span class="An">Damien Bergamini</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:damien@openbsd.org">damien@openbsd.org</a>&gt;
+ and ported by <span class="An">Adrian Chadd</span>
+ &lt;<a class="Mt" href="mailto:adrian@freebsd.org">adrian@freebsd.org</a>&gt;.</p>
+</section>
+<section class="Sh">
+<h1 class="Sh" id="CAVEATS"><a class="permalink" href="#CAVEATS">CAVEATS</a></h1>
+<p class="Pp">The <code class="Nm">otus</code> driver only supports 802.11a/b/g
+ operations. 802.11n operation is not supported at this time.</p>
+</section>
+</div>
+<table class="foot">
+ <tr>
+ <td class="foot-date">November 10, 2024</td>
+ <td class="foot-os">FreeBSD 15.0</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>